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On September 10, 2022, Fu Song, a singer who participated in the debut of Happy Boys, died of oral cancer at the age of 36. During his lifetime, he showed his left face that he had to "cut off" because he was addicted to betel nut and suffered from oral cancer, and persuaded netizens to say:

　"I just want to tell you from my experience,

Betel nut is really terrible.

Even if one person listens,

I am satisfied, too. "

His friend also sent a message to mourn:

"May he be in another world,

No more betel nuts,

No pain, no cancer. "

　

The full text is 5620 words, and it is expected to be read for 10 minutes.

introduction

Looking back, betel nut has been pushed to the wave of public opinion many times, and within a week after the death of singer Fu Song, the attention of betel nut has reached the highest level in ten years.　

As early as 2003, betel nut has been recognized by the WHO International Center for Research on Cancer (IARC) asA class of carcinogensHowever, there are still nearly 100 billion industries and tens of millions of betel nut consumers in China.

On the one hand, it is"Carcinogenic killer"On the other hand, it is well-known"Snacks", who is the sugar-coated betel nut shell, and who put betel nut on the shelf within reach of consumers?

To understand the reasons, but alsoStart from the beginning.

Past lives of betel nut

Areca catechu is an evergreen plant of Areca in Palmae, and its fresh fruit is oblong or ovoid.

The history of human chewing betel nut can be traced back to prehistoric times. According to archaeological findings and carbon dating, it can be inferred that the earliest conclusive evidence of chewing betel nut comes from a Neolithic human relic in Duyangdong, Philippines.

In China, betel nut had a long evolution process after it entered the vision of Chinese ancestors in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty.It is generally believed that the earliest written record of betel nut in China comes from Sima Xiangru’s Shang Lin Fu:"Leave the evil spirits behind, and be benevolent and frequent, and bury Tan Mulan."Among them, the kernel frequency is betel nut.

Areca catechu was both a food and a medicinal material in ancient China, which means "medicine and food are homologous" in traditional Chinese medicine. In the early Han culture in the Central Plains, betel nut mainly appeared as a medicinal material. It was mentioned that betel nut has the functions of lowering qi, eliminating valley, removing phlegm, killing insects and treating beriberi in the ancient books such as Yaolu, Elbow Emergency Prescription and Qimin Yaoshu.By the Six Dynasties, betel nut had become a common Chinese medicine.

The food custom of betel nut has a long history, generally eating dried fruit in the north and fresh fruit in the south. It was first popular among royal families, nobles and scholars in the south. In the Tang Dynasty, the custom of eating betel nut further developed, and it spread from scholars to Shu Ren and from Lingnan to other provinces in the Song Dynasty. The habit of being addicted to eat areca rose to a fashionable high consumption in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and there was even a record that "scholar-officials often indulged in it".Areca catechu played a certain role in the medical culture, marriage custom culture and religious culture of ancient China.　

The early areas with the habit of taking betel nuts were concentrated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan Province, which were mainly the areas where betel nuts were produced or near the producing areas.In Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, which is famous for its betel nut industry, the popularity of betel nut can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty.The migration tide of "Jiangxi fills in Huguang" made Jiangxi drug dealers move to Hunan Province, creating market conditions for the circulation of medicinal materials including betel nut; After the closed door made Guangzhou the only trading port, inter-provincial trade promoted the formation of Xiangtan’s trade center and created transportation conditions for the spread of betel nut. Xiangtan City, which was built with the help of natural waterways, is "the richest in Hunan Province", and betel nut also has a wide consumer market there.

From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the spread and promotion of betel nut was weakened by political, economic, cultural and social factors.After the middle and late 20th century, the country gradually became stable, and the betel nut industry gradually found a broad market again.　

Based on years of exploration, the betel nut enterprises in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province have formed a new set of betel nut production methods: selecting fresh fruit → cleaning → drying → germinating seeds → baking seeds → gluing → sealing → putting on fragrance → cutting seeds → bittern → drying → packaging.Drying fresh fruits greatly increases the storage time of betel nuts and is also conducive to the spread to the whole country.After 1990s, some betel nut enterprises in Xiangtan completed the preliminary market competition, accumulated certain capital, and successfully expanded to the whole country with the help of the spread of Huxiang media culture and the support of the government.Now the betel nut industry has formed a pattern of "planting in Hainan Province, processing in Hunan Province, consumption in Hunan Province and spreading to the whole country".　

The "sin" of betel nut

"Hanging hands, walking on the street, chewing betel nuts and making friends."Nowadays, betel nut has been deeply embedded in the lives of Hunan people. Betel nut is indispensable in social occasions such as dinners, weddings and funerals, festivals and birthday banquets. Gradually,"Betel nut with wine is immortal" and "Betel nut with cigarettes is boundless"Such words have also become popular throughout the country.

While the betel nut industry is in full swing throughout the country, a terrible cancer has also spread-Oral cancer.

In February 2022, the National Cancer Center released the latest issue of national cancer statistics: in the statistical coverage380 million peopleMedium and new hair4.064 millionCancer cases, including52,000Cases of oral cancer,25,800Death case. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of oral cavity have increased year by year, and the burden has continued to increase, and the 5-year survival rate has remained at50％Around, seriously threatening the lives and health of our residents. Moreover, from 1990 to 2019, the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in China showed an upward trend, which was higher than the global level.　

Chewing betel nut is one of the main risk factors for oral cancer. Fresh betel nuts are usually chewed with betel leaves wrapped in hydrated lime. The safrole in betel leaves is itself a carcinogen, andslaked limeStimulation of oral mucosa will cause chronic inflammation of mucosa and even oral cancer; Among the most common dry betel nuts, betel nuts come with them.Arecoline, areca tannin, areca specific nitrosamines, reactive oxygen species.They are all important carcinogens with cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Moreover, the texture of dried areca nut is hard, and the repeated rubbing of areca nut fiber on the oral cavity will form local inflammation and even lead to precancerous lesions.

People in charge of health and welfare departments in Taiwan Province have said that people who smoke and chew betel nuts have a higher risk of oral cancer than the average person; A paper published in Chinese Journal of Medical Stomatology also shows that from 2006 to 2016, some hospitals in Changsha received11182 casesAmong the cases of oral cancer, it is speculated that there are8222 casesIt is related to betel nut.

The incidence of oral cancer also has obvious regional characteristics, which may be related to some bad living habits and genetic susceptibility of Chinese residents.Hainan province, Hunan province, Guangdong province, Yunnan province, Taiwan Province area.Residents in other places have followed the habit of chewing betel nuts. Half of the top ten areas of oral cancer incidence in China are in Hunan Province, and Hunan Province has13,245Betel nut enterprises rank first in the country; Hainan province has6152 JiaBetel nut enterprises rank second in the country.

Lingshui Li Autonomous County, which has the highest incidence of oral cancer in China, is also in Hainan Province.21.60/100,000.　

On a global scale, Oceania’sPapua New Guinea and Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka in Asia.Other countries have the habit of chewing betel nut, and the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in these four countries are bothFar more thanThe average level of the world, they also occupy four of the top ten countries in the global incidence of oral cancer.　

In fact, betel nut, as a Chinese herbal medicine, is not contradictory to the fact that betel nut causes oral cancer. It is a three-point poison, even though it is a medicinal material, it is chewed as a snack.Toxicity is far greater than efficacy..

In our country, most patients suffering from oral cancer due to betel nut have suffered from face cutting."torture"Yan Xinchun, a professor of oral and maxillofacial surgery at Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, once said in an interview with the media:"A person who has oral cancer destroys a family."Without treatment and intervention, patients with oral cancer will be at risk of losing their lives if the cancer spreads in three or five years. But if the cancerous site is removed for the spread of cancer,The patient will become a "face cutter",

"His teeth were cut off,

Jaw was cut off,

The surface shape has changed,

The psychological influence is very great,

And I can’t speak clearly,

The chewing function is gone,

Then there’s malnutrition,

The labor force is lost. "　

The picture is from Beijing Morning, 20130715.

Betel nut and consumers’ "love and hate"

Since betel nut is so dangerous,

Why do so many people chew every day?

A survey of scholar Cao Yu

It shows people’s different cognition about betel nut.

About learning about betel nut for the first timeAge and occasionProblems, Hunan Province, Hainan Province, Yunnan Province, Taiwan Province area, the population of these four provinces and the population outside these four provinces have great regional differences.　

People in these four provinces live in a social environment where chewing betel nut is common, and most of them know betel nut because people around them chew it, and most of the respondents in Hunan Province know betel nut when they are children. Respondents in other areas are more influenced by the media and know betel nut, and the age when they first met betel nut is obviously later.

At the same time, there are far more respondents who think betel nut is a specialty of Hunan province than those who think it is a specialty of Hainan province and Taiwan Province region. This is because mainland residents will have more opportunities to get in touch with people in Hunan province who chew betel nut in their daily lives than people in Hainan or Taiwan Province. After all, the combined population of Hainan province and Taiwan Province area is far less than that of Hunan province. This makes Hunan Province not produce fresh betel nuts, but it is often mistaken for the "hometown" of betel nuts. More than half of the respondents chose"Addiction", "chewing hobby" and "carcinogen"It shows that most people have realized the addiction and carcinogenicity of betel nut, but there are still quite a few people.not familiar withThe harm of betel nut.　

We also crawled thousands of buyer’s comments on several kinds of betel nut products with the highest sales volume in JD.COM. After word frequency analysis, we found that:"Taste", "Delicious" and "Taste"And so on are high-frequency words, indicating that consumers regard betel nut as a "snack" when buying it, and"Second time", "Third time" and "As always"It also often appears, indicating that many consumers are developing or have developed.Long-term consumptionThe habit of betel nut.　

　

Penalization of betel nut

The link between betel nut and consumers is always indispensable.Attractive advertisement. For the local people, the brand of Areca catechu has carried out advertising in TV programs, subways, bus platforms, elevators and corridors in Hunan Province.Is a familiar thing.. However, in 2019, Hunan Areca Food Industry Association issued a document prohibiting any form of advertising to its member units. Influenced by this document, Taste King, who sponsored Hunan Satellite TV Spring Festival Gala for many years, gave up the sponsorship of the 2020 Spring Festival Gala.

However, due to the fact that the measures taken by Hunan Areca Food Industry Association have no legally binding effect, the influence of the above documents is weakening day by day after a few months. After a short period of dormancy, Zhang Xinfa, Taste King and other head betel nut enterprises made a comeback. Relevant advertisements appear in public view from time to time, and the advertising words in them all emphasize the beautification and publicity of the taste and function of betel nut, such as some popular variety shows."It’s better to have Lycium barbarum, so that you can vomit more fiercely." "How can something so happy as dancing make you tired and press the pause button? To pack a refreshing taste king …"

　

However, these sponsorships have not been appreciated by everyone, but have also met with opposition. For example, the TV series "Sweeping the Black Storm" broadcast in 2021 was criticized by the majority of netizens because of the picture of the characters chewing betel nuts in the play, and even asked to cut the scene.

With more and more people suffering from oral cancer due to betel nut,On September 17, 2021, the State Administration of Radio and Television issued a notice: From now on, it will stop using radio and television and online audio-visual programs to promote betel nut and its products.. After the ban was issued, almost all programs have deleted the implanted advertisements or mosaic them, and betel nut has basically disappeared from all kinds of programs in 2022.

In addition to the regulations prohibiting betel nut advertising, the relevant regulations on fasting betel nut are gradually increasing. The earliest prohibition of betel nut was the "Regulations on the Prohibition of the Production, Sale and Use of Betel Nut in Xiamen" promulgated by Xiamen Municipal People’s Government in 1996. By 2020, the State Administration of Market Supervision issued a new version of the Catalogue of Food Production Licenses, which cancelled the category of "edible betel nut", and betel nut was no longer used as food management, nor could it issue a Food Production License.Betel nut as a food production license and supervision lacks the necessary basis, and the food betel nut industry began to be "untenable" at the policy level.

Food or medicine? Where will betel nut go?

Judging from the current situation, betel nut is facing the dilemma of embarrassing identity.

On the one hand, it has high medical value since ancient times, and now it has been listed in People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia as a Chinese herbal medicine. Moreover, in the "Notice on Printing and Distributing novel coronavirus’s Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Ninth Edition)" published by the State Council, betel nut was also clearly listed as a prescription for Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment.

On the other hand, it is not included in the list of homology of medicine and food, and it is also one of the culprits of oral cancer, which leads to the tragedy that many patients become "face-cutters". At the same time, betel nut, as a food, is generally considered to have a market of nearly 100 billion yuan. In recent years, the increasing planting area of betel nut has promoted the development of betel nut industry in Hainan Province and Hunan Province, and made great contributions to the local economic development.　

Areca nut planting area in Hainan province in 2020124,900Hectares, accounting for the whole country.95%About the output of betel nut dried fruit278,000Tons, the output value exceeds28 billion yuan. For Hainong, betel nut is a real "cash cow". According to a set of data from Hainan Daily, by the end of 2019, the betel nut planting area in Hainan Province reached 1.78 million mu (about 118,700 hectares), accounting for the agricultural population of the province.41.37% of 2.3 millionAn important source of income for farmers.

In the constant controversy, Hainan Province, as a major betel nut planting province, and Hunan Province, as a major betel nut processing and sales province, are all looking for a way out for betel nut industry. Hainan Provincial Market Supervision Bureau has made it clear that the production field will not be allowed since February 1, 2022.By foodProduction and labeling, and labeling of food use is prohibited; Since April 1, 2022, the circulation field can no longer be sold.Food labelingBetel nut products. Before March, 2022, Hunan Province extended the validity period of the Food Production License of some betel nut enterprises for one year. After March, Hunan Province suspended the extension of the production license of betel nut enterprises "because relevant people filed a lawsuit against the production license of betel nut", striving to determine the positioning of betel nut as a "local characteristic product" through local legislation and promote the inclusion of betel nut in the "medicine and food homology" catalogue.

Southern Weekend reported that a betel nut distributor who has been in business for more than ten years said, "Betel nut (industry) is spiraling up, and every storm will experience a decline, but the decline is actually storing energy, and then it will usher in a new round of development." He also revealed that betel nuts have been sold out of stock in some places.

Betel nut may be a cash cow for the local economy, but it is harmful to thousands of consumers in Qian Qian who regard it as a "snack". For the sake of quality of life and health, we should try to quit betel nut. After all, no one wants the tragedy of face cutting caused by betel nut to happen to themselves, their family and friends, as described in "Face Cutters in the Kingdom of Betel Nuts"-

"They had their tongues cut off,

They had their gums removed,

A ferocious surgical scar

Tear their faces,

The bad news of cancer declared death …

They were all obsessed with betel nuts.

And firmly believe that it is the black fruit,

Take them into the abyss of illness. "

　　

Data source and editor’s note:

1. The illustration of an interview with Tan Yueqiang, a patient with oral cancer, comes from the July 15th, 2013 issue of Good Morning in Beijing.

https://news.cctv.com/2013/07/15/VIDE1373850011381935.shtml　

2. Enterprise investigation

https://www.qcc.com/　

3、Rongshou Zheng,etc.Cancer incidence and mortality in China,2016.Journal of the National Cancer Center.2022; 02(01):01-09　

4. Gu Jianchang, Song Jiwu, Liu Yun, Hui Rongrong, Liu Yunxia. Analysis of the burden of oral cancer and its changing trend in China from 1990 to 2019 [J]. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022,23(06):457-461.　

5、Hu YJ,etc.Trend Analysis of Betel Nut-associated Oral Cancer and Health Burden in China. Chin J Dent Res. 2017; 20(2):69-78.　

6. He Jie. Annual Report on Cancer Registration in China in 2018 [M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House.　

7. Cao Yu. Chewing for two thousand years [M]. Beijing: CITIC Publishing House, 2022:219-244.　

8. World Cancer Research Fund International official website

https://www.wcrf.org　

9. World Life Expertise official website

https://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com　

10. Hainan Provincial Bureau of Statistics

http://stats.hainan.gov.cn/tjj/index.html　

11. Hainan Daily-Digital Report of Hainan Daily-Development of the whole industrial chain, Areca catechu in Hainan Province becomes a "golden fruit" http://hnrb.hinews.cn/html/2020-10/19/content _ 58464 _ 12502246.htm.　

　

References:

1, Zhang enxun, Shen Lingling. miasma, plague and addiction: the spread and reconstruction of betel nut food custom in local social changes [J]. Folklore Research, 2021(01):89-104+158　

2. Gu Jianchang, Song Jiwu, Liu Yun, Hui Rongrong, Liu Yunxia. Analysis of the burden of oral cancer and its changing trend in China from 1990 to 2019 [J]. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022,23(06):457-461.　

3、Bowen Liu,et　al.Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology andOral Radiology[J].　Oral medicine,2015,120(3):337-45.　

4、Zhang SS, Li WH, Gao YJ, Liu ZW, Liu L, Tang JQ, et al .Betel-quid and oral submucous fibrosis: a cross-sectional study in Hunan province, China.[J].J Oral Pathol Med,　2012,41(10):748-54　

5. Huanglong, Chun Xinchun. Carcinogens of Areca catechu and Oral Cancer [J]. International Journal of Stomatology, 2014,41(01):102-107.　

6. Hainan Daily, Development of the whole industrial chain, Areca catechu in Hainan Province becomes a "golden fruit".

http://hnrb.hinews.cn/html/202010/19/content_58464_12502246.htm　

7. read "betel nuts that more than 100 million people are buying, why should they be banned?" 》

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/F5kei9CL1o1qQW1V9ry5gg　

8. China Net "Standardize and supervise betel nut products in many places: not to be sold according to food, not simply to be removed from the shelves"

http://food.china.com.cn/202209/23/content_78434546.htm　

9. Observer Network "Hunan Province: Strive to determine betel nut as a" local characteristic product "through local legislation" https://www.guancha.cn/politics/2021_08_30_604988.shtml　

10. Zhongxin. com’s "Hainan Province, the largest betel nut planting area in China, benefited from soaring market and doubled farmers’ income"

http://www.hi.chinanews.com.cn/hnnew/2021-03-14/570550.html　

11. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs’ Reply to the Proposal No.01480 (No.120 on Agriculture and Water Conservancy) of the Fifth Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/NKJ/202209/t20220901_6408381.htm

Author: School of Journalism and Information Communication, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Mei Xuefei Peng Meiqian Shu Yan Zhang Ziliang

Instructor: Xu Di, School of Journalism and Information Communication, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

　　Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, as one of the first pilot provinces for the reform of the national supervision system, Shanxi Province firmly grasps the target path of carrying out the pilot reform of the supervision system, undertakes the major reform mission entrusted by the central authorities, and produces high-quality pilot "samples".

　　Elaborate "construction according to the plan" to realize the unified leadership of the party over anti-corruption work

　　Initial verification, filing a case, taking lien measures, and issuing disciplinary decisions … … The first case of lien investigated by the Provincial Supervision Committee — — The case of Guo Hai, the former chairman of Shanmei Group, has been examined and approved by the main leaders of the provincial party committee, studied at the special meeting of the secretary and the meeting of the Standing Committee of the provincial party committee. This is a vivid portrayal of Shanxi Provincial Committee’s strengthening of unified leadership over anti-corruption work after the reform of supervision system.

　　Since the pilot reform of the supervision system was carried out, the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee has resolutely shouldered the political responsibility of the reform pilot and carried out the construction in strict accordance with the "blueprint" determined by the CPC Central Committee. It has held 8 meetings of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee, 9 meetings of the pilot working group and 34 special meetings to study and solve major problems and played a key role. The secretary of the provincial party committee took the lead, and the secretary of the third-level party committee consciously acted as the "construction captain", while the third-level discipline inspection commission was responsible for the task, and the relevant departments cooperated with each other to elaborate the construction with "embroidery" efforts, and made overall plans to promote all relevant parties to make concerted efforts to reform and tackle key problems.

　　Driven by the "number one", the party committees at the provincial, city and county levels have faithfully implemented the requirements of the central authorities, and by integrating anti-corruption forces, they have changed from "result-led" to "whole-process-led" in organizational form, functional orientation and handling procedures, ensuring the party’s decision-making power, approval power and supervision power over anti-corruption work, and making the anti-corruption work system led by the party more scientific and complete. In 2017, the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee at the provincial, city and county levels studied the work of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way for 2,807 times, and approved 4,660 person-times such as case review, lien and disciplinary decision.

　　In the whole pilot process, the 12 investigation measures authorized by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) to the JISC were fully tried, especially the lien measures, and the relevant regulations on approval, time limit and place were strictly implemented, with a total of 81 people detained. So far, no unsafe or illegal problems have been found. At the same time, a mechanism of convergence and cooperation between supervisory organs and judicial organs has been established, and the time taken by procuratorial organs to review arrest and prosecution is far less than the time limit stipulated by law, which will help promote the pilot work of supervision system reform.

　　Establish a firm "first step" in the establishment of transfer, and establish a system to ensure smooth connection.

　　After the establishment of the Shanxi Provincial Supervision Committee, it only took more than two months. All the 130 city and county supervision committees in Shanxi Province were set up and listed, and 1,885 procuratorial cadres who were originally scattered in the anti-corruption, anti-blasphemy and prevention departments of 135 procuratorial organs in the province were integrated into the supervision Committee, co-located with the Commission for Discipline Inspection, performing the two functions of party discipline inspection and state supervision, and supervising all party member and all public officials who exercised public power. During the transfer process, the responsible comrades of the supervisory committees of the discipline inspection commissions at all levels and the transfer personnel deepened their ideological work through "one-on-one" and "face-to-face" talks and home visits to ensure that their thoughts are not chaotic, people’s hearts are not scattered, and their work is constant.

　　Achieving comprehensive and deep integration is the inherent requirement of doing a good job in the reform pilot, and institutional innovation is the key to achieving the goal of the reform pilot.

　　Within the framework of the pilot reform plan of the CPC Central Committee and the decision of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), Shanxi has made great efforts to establish a system of establishing chapters and regulations, and built a "four beams and eight pillars" for deepening reform. Combined with the reform pilot practice, the "four ones" work system (trial measures for discipline supervision and supervision, norms for the use of review measures, flow chart of discipline supervision and supervision, and common documents for discipline supervision and supervision) was established; At the same time, the Political and Legal Committee of the Provincial Party Committee took the lead in coordinating the four departments of the court, the procuratorate, the public security and the judiciary, established a joint meeting system, and formulated a "1+4" system consisting of 10 trial documents.

　　The establishment of one system after another has smoothed the connection between "discipline and law" and "law and law", and also enabled the Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision to perform their discipline inspection and supervision duties with evidence and rules to follow, initially realizing the orderly connection, organic unity and effective checks and balances between the accountability of the Commission for Discipline Inspection and the supervision, investigation and disposal of the Commission, and strengthening the supervision and restriction on the exercise of the power of the Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision.

　　Anti-corruption "iron fist" is more powerful, and institutional advantages are transformed into governance efficiency.

　　"I am neither party member of the Communist Party of China nor a member of the administrative organs, but in the process of filling out the questionnaire for people exercising public power, I understand that I am also the object of supervision." In May 2017, Gao, an accountant of the real estate development company and real estate center of Yuxian Land and Resources Bureau of Yangquan City, took the initiative to surrender to the Jixian Supervision Committee and explained the problem of misappropriation of public funds.

　　With the promotion of the pilot reform of the supervision system, the institutional advantages of the joint office of discipline inspection and supervision have gradually released new effectiveness, which has effectively promoted the comprehensive and strict development of the party and consolidated and developed the overwhelming situation of the anti-corruption struggle.

　　At the same time, a centralized, unified, authoritative and efficient supervision system was established, and its institutional advantages were fully demonstrated. Many bone cases that have not been "gnawed" have been quickly investigated by gathering fingers into fists, and the efficiency of case investigation has been greatly improved.

　　After more than a year of pilot work, Shanxi has successfully completed the objectives and tasks set by the CPC Central Committee, integrated anti-corruption forces, strengthened the centralized and unified leadership of the Party over anti-corruption work, achieved full coverage of public officials exercising public power, and improved the regional governance capacity and level of the province.

　　BEIJING, March 16 (Sweet) It took only ten days for South Korean President Yin Xiyue to start his visit to Japan on the 16th local time since he announced that he would "pay out his own pocket" to compensate the victims of forced labor in World War II on behalf of Japanese enterprises.

　　According to the schedule, the leaders of South Korea and Japan will hold summit talks and a joint press conference. Japanese Prime Minister kishida fumio will also specially take Yin Xiyue to eat his favorite rice stuffed with eggs, so as to establish a trust relationship.

　　However, Yin Xiyue’s visit to Japan caused strong opposition in South Korea. Korean media commented that in the criticism of "humiliating diplomacy", it is still unclear whether the visit can achieve results.

　　Yin Xiyue visited Japan.

　　Kishida wants to invite him to eat egg-wrapped rice.

　　Yin Xiyue’s visit to Japan lasted for two days. This is the second visit to Japan by the then South Korean President Moon Jae in after attending the G20 leaders’ meeting in June 2019.

　　According to reports, Yin Xiyue’s visit to Japan will have the following schedule:

　　On the 16th, Yin Xiyue held a discussion and had lunch with Koreans living in Japan.

　　In the afternoon, Yin Xiyue held a summit meeting with Kishida and met with reporters together, but no joint declaration will be issued.

　　After the talks, Yin Xiyue had dinner with Kishida.

　　It is worth noting that Kishida will prepare two special dinners, the first in a sushi restaurant in Ginza, Tokyo, and the second in a western restaurant founded in 1895.

　　According to Japanese media, Yin Xiyue told the Japanese side that it was unforgettable that she had eaten egg-wrapped rice in this western restaurant during her previous visit to Tokyo. To this end, Kishida considered arranging a rare "second meeting" in a western restaurant to let Yin Xiyue relive the "taste of leaving memories" and establish a trust relationship.

　　On the 17th, Yin Xiyue met with politicians belonging to the Korea-Japan Parliamentary Union and the Korea-Japan Cooperation Committee, and attended the "Korea-Japan Business Roundtable" to meet business people.

　　During this period, Yin Xiyue will meet with Taro Aso, vice president of the Liberal Democratic Party, and Suga Yoshihide, the new president of the Japan-Korea Parliamentary Union.

　　Finally, Yin Xiyue gave a speech to Japanese college students and Korean students, and returned to Korea that night.

　　Strengthen military cooperation and coordinate the resumption of security dialogue.

　　The leaders of South Korea and Japan may talk about this.

　　Then, during Yin Xiyue’s visit to Japan, what topics may South Korea and Japan hold consultations on?

　　— — Implement the compensation scheme for forced labor victims in World War II.

　　Yin Xiyue’s government recently announced a solution to the problem of forced labor victims’ compensation in Japan during World War II, with Korean enterprises as the third party to raise funds to pay compensation for the defendant Japanese enterprises.

　　Despite the domestic controversy in South Korea, the South Korean Presidential Palace insists that the two heads of state will negotiate and implement relevant solutions.

　　— — Strengthen military cooperation between South Korea, the United States, Japan and South Korea.

　　Discuss the resumption of the Korea-Japan Military Intelligence Protection Agreement (GSOMIA). In August 2019, South Korea announced the termination of the agreement in protest against Japan’s export control to South Korea, and then changed to a temporary maintenance policy. At the Japan-ROK summit, how to normalize the agreement may become an issue.

　　Re-adjust the security dialogue between Korea and Japan. The Korea-Japan security dialogue has been suspended since March 2018. According to sources, Yin Xiyue and Kishida will enter the final coordination on the direction of confirming that the foreign affairs and defense departments will restart the security dialogue.

　　— — Deepen economic cooperation between Korea and Japan

　　Since 2019, Japan has strengthened the export control of semiconductor materials to South Korea. Recently, Yin Xiyue said that the two countries will restart policy dialogue and look forward to deregulation measures.

　　In addition, South Korean economic giants such as Lee Jae-yong, the head of Samsung Group, and Cui Taiyuan, the president of SK Group, will also visit Japan with Yin Xiyue to explore economic cooperation plans with Japanese financial circles.

　　After 12 years

　　South Korean and Japanese leaders "shuttle diplomacy" or restart

　　The President’s Office of South Korea believes that with Yin Xiyue’s visit as an opportunity, the leaders of South Korea and Japan are expected to strengthen communication and enhance mutual trust, and the "shuttle diplomacy" of the leaders will return to the right track after 12 years.

　　At that time, Japanese Prime Minister Noda Yoshihiko visited South Korea in October 2011, and then South Korean President Lee Myung-bak returned to Japan in December.

　　However, in August 2012, as the leader of South Korea, Lee Myung-bak landed on the disputed islands between Japan and South Korea for the first time (called "Bamboo Island" in Japan and "Dokdo" in South Korea), which aroused strong opposition from Japan and brought the relationship between South Korea and Japan to a deadlock.

　　In addition, the "comfort women" issue, the forced labor victims’ claims in World War II, the Fukushima nuclear sewage discharge and other contradictions, the relationship between South Korea and Japan became colder, and the "shuttle diplomacy" between the two heads of state was interrupted.

　　Japan’s Kyodo News mentioned that in terms of diplomatic etiquette, it should have been the Japanese Prime Minister’s turn to visit South Korea next, but Yin Xiyue showed his willingness to visit Japan as soon as possible, so this time it was received by the Japanese side.

　　Regarding the reconciliation signal released by Yin Xiyue’s government, Kishida responded on the 10th that he would "frankly exchange views" with Yin Xiyue in order to strengthen future relations.

　　A number of Japanese diplomatic sources also revealed that Kishida has begun to explore the possibility of visiting South Korea in the summer of 2023 as soon as possible after the Group of Seven summit in May (G7 Hiroshima Summit).

　　South Korea is not optimistic

　　"I seem to hear Japanese jeers."

　　One day before his visit to Japan, Yin Xiyue once again expressed his expectation in the interview, hoping that the nationals of South Korea and Japan would "move towards the future together". But the reality is that South Korea has repeatedly expressed its opposition to its foreign policy.

　　Li Zaiming, leader of the South Korean Common Democratic Party, bluntly said that "Yin Xiyue’s visit to Japan has not yet started. However, the news of a whole concession, concession and further concession, such as raising the white flag to surrender to the Korea-Japan Military Intelligence Protection Agreement and handing over a blank check on the sewage problem of the Fukushima nuclear power plant, has already come. "The country has fallen to the bottom. I seem to hear the laughter of Japan. "

　　Some Korean netizens questioned Japan’s "tailor-made" trip to a western restaurant for Yin Xiyue. "How can a formal dinner between leaders be held in such a humble restaurant?" "Take him (Yin Xiyue) to the egg-filled rice shop with a score of 3.5?" "Too speechless. Do you want to have dinner with the president of the United States in that place? "

　　In this regard, the Korean National Daily commented that it is unclear whether Yin Xiyue’s visit can achieve results in the criticism of "humiliating diplomacy".

　　Some analysts pointed out that although Yin Xiyue’s measures have received positive responses from the United States and Japan, whether he will pay the domestic political price and whether the reconciliation between South Korea and Japan promoted will change course after the next change of owner in Longshan Presidential Palace remains variable. (End)

Promoting the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China is based on the real economy, the key lies in scientific and technological innovation, and the direction is industrial upgrading.

　　"New" is becoming the key word of Shenyang, an old industrial base, running on the high-quality development track.

　　The city is seeking new changes, and emerging industries are breaking the waves. By 2025, the output value of Shenyang robot industry will strive to exceed 20 billion yuan, and the innovative element generate will flow in;

　　The city is self-renewing, focusing on the future track, focusing on unmanned driving, artificial intelligence and other fields, and a number of industry-leading enterprises such as Neusoft Ruichi and American Bank Technology have emerged to promote power change by "changing lanes and overtaking";

　　In Hunnan District of Shenyang City, the L4-class self-driving vehicle developed by Neusoft Ruichi Automotive Technology (Shenyang) Co., Ltd. was tested on a closed road (photo taken on July 9, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Qing photo

　　This city takes innovation as its path, builds a platform, gives policies, and accelerates the construction of a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market as the guide and Industry-University-Research as the combination, so as to develop the soil for opening up a new track and planting industries. Since the beginning of this year, Shenyang has built 1,510 science and technology innovation platforms at all levels, and the "flower of scientific research" is gradually bearing the "fruit of industry".

　　Accumulating "new" strength: developing and expanding emerging industries

　　In a closed vacuum container, the rotor made of aerospace grade alloy steel whirls at a supersonic speed of up to 41,000 revolutions per minute, realizing efficient conversion of kinetic energy and electric energy & HELIP; … Thanks to the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage technology, the strong and weak wind and light with uncertain brightness in nature can all be turned into "green electricity" with stable output.

　　It is Shenyang Micro-control New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. located in Tiexi District, Shenyang that achieved this technological breakthrough. Into the company’s production workshop, products with similar container shapes are arranged neatly, waiting for shipment. Through introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation, this young enterprise has built an independent and controllable scientific and technological innovation system and intellectual property system.

　　Rotor made of aerospace grade alloy steel, photographed in the workshop of Shenyang Micro-control New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (photo taken on November 29, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Qing photo

　　"We have an order of 1 billion yuan this year and are producing at full capacity." Zhang Qingyuan, chairman of the company, said that the company can quickly emerge and even lead in the new energy storage track, relying on continuous innovation.

　　Driven by innovation, win the future. The continuous development of emerging industries is providing a strong impetus for Shenyang to accelerate the formation of new quality productivity.

　　In Shenyang Micro-control New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., workers work in the workshop (photo taken on November 29, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Qing photo

　　"As one of the cities with the most complete industrial system, Shenyang is promoting the rise of emerging industries with the help of the industrial Internet." Wang Guozhong, director of the Industrial Internet Service Committee of China Small and Medium Enterprises Association, said.

　　Located in the production line of Yanfeng (Shenyang) Seat System Co., Ltd., Dadong District, Shenyang, with the sensor of the mechanical arm constantly flashing, the small parts needed for the seat are automatically put in and out of the warehouse.

　　"The workshop can achieve more than 50% of the production instructions automatically to digital equipment, which greatly improves the efficiency." Li Zhe, general manager of the company said.

　　This is a production scene where the industrial Internet is widely used. The reporter visited in Shenyang and found that the industrial Internet has played a great role in petrochemical industry, auto parts, construction machinery and other fields, running through R&D, design, processing and manufacturing, logistics and sales.

　　At present, Shenyang’s 5G base station has achieved full coverage of key areas and key places; The number of secondary nodes for identification resolution has reached 13, ranking first in Northeast China. It has 9 national industrial internet platforms and 21 provincial industrial internet platforms, covering many fields such as energy, power transmission and distribution, food and so on.

　　Participants visited the 2023 Global Industrial Internet Conference (photo taken on October 18, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Weishe

　　Ma Enlin, deputy director of Shenyang Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, said that as the permanent venue and organizer of the Global Industrial Internet Conference, Shenyang will take the Global Industrial Internet Conference as an important platform and carrier, give full play to its supporting role in emerging industries, and promote the manufacturing and digital industries to "go in both directions".

　　Storing "new" energy: planning the future industry in a forward-looking way

　　There are pedestrians in front, and vehicles automatically avoid; Need to turn left, the vehicle automatically turns; When many heavy trucks are encountered during driving, the vehicles automatically change lanes smoothly … … Recently, the reporter experienced a magical autopilot in the autopilot demonstration road in Dadong District, Shenyang.

　　"Dadong District has built a 22-kilometer L2-level automobile city bus line and a 17.5-kilometer L4-level road. There are different scenes such as institutions, universities, enterprises and factories along the road, and intelligent networked road facilities such as camera perception system, radar perception system and signal light perception system have been deployed." Zhao Hui, executive deputy general manager of Shenyang Chewang Technology Development Co., Ltd. said.

　　Once upon a time, "heavy, big and heavy, lacking a sense of the future" was the traditional impression of many people on Shenyang’s manufacturing industry. Today’s Shenyang, the industrial structure is quietly changing.

　　In recent years, in combination with local reality and industrial advantages, Shenyang has aimed at key directions such as unmanned driving and humanoid robots, laid out a number of cutting-edge future industries, continued to store "new" energy, and built future industrial innovation sources and development highlands. In the first half of this year, the added value of new energy vehicles, integrated circuits and aviation industries in the city increased by 59.5%, 18% and 34% respectively.

　　"Have you noticed, how the Yellow River’s waters move out of heaven, entering the ocean, never to return … …” A bionic robot of Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is reciting poems, with some body movements from time to time and rich facial expressions, attracting a large number of viewers to stop and watch. In the EX Future Science and Technology Museum in Dadong District of Shenyang, a sense of "the future has come" makes people feel like they are in a science fiction movie.

　　"Compared with emerging industries, the future industry has a long cultivation cycle and great growth uncertainty. For Shenyang, which is catching up, it is a forward-looking decision to focus on the existing industrial base, plan related future industries, support future industries with existing industries, extend the industrial chain with future industries and increase added value. " EX robot R&D engineer Silly said.

　　"Today’s seedlings may be the towering trees of the future". Decision makers in Shenyang believe that the development of future industries is not a matter of "whether or not", but a matter of "speed and slowness". In the fierce regional competition, whoever starts early can win the initiative.

　　The future has come, and wisdom makes the future.

　　Shenyang is accelerating the creation of a high-energy science and technology platform. At present, the computing power of Shenyang Artificial Intelligence Computing Center has been expanded to 300P, which has been included in the national artificial intelligence computing strategy system and entered the first echelon in the country; Since the beginning of this year, Shenyang has added 9 national key laboratories, 15 national science and technology innovation platforms, and built 1,510 science and technology innovation platforms at all levels … … Tamping the foundation and building a nest to attract phoenix, the increasing "sense of gain" of enterprises is transforming into the "sense of the future" of urban industries.

　　Storing "new" potential: thick planting industry to develop soil

　　In July this year, the International Robotics Conference held in Shenyang was particularly lively: coffee robots pulled flowers on the spot, walking robots assisted the elderly and helped the disabled, and more than 300 teenagers controlled the mecha competitive robot competition, which earned enough popularity online and offline.

　　This is the production workshop of Shenyang Xinsong Robot Automation Co., Ltd. (photo taken on April 28, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Pan Xiaolong photo

　　At present, the robot industry chain represented by Xinsong in Shenyang has basically taken shape, with more than 500 upstream and downstream supporting enterprises, which can provide nearly 100 kinds of robot products in five categories: industry, cooperation, mobility, specialty and service, and has built a leading domestic product line.

　　This series of achievements can not be separated from the sustained efforts of policies and the technical support of scientific research institutes. A few days ago, Shenyang also formulated the latest development plan for the robot industry, proposing that by 2025, the annual output of the whole robot machine in the city will reach 15,000 sets, the output value of the robot industry will strive to exceed 20 billion yuan, and the number of robot enterprises above designated size will exceed 50.

　　Shenyang is rich in innovative resources, with Shenyang Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang Institute of Computing Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences and other national professional technical platforms such as State Key Laboratory of Full-face Roadheader and State Key Laboratory of Robotics, which provide strong support for the development of the industry.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Shenyang Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, on the basis of the existing six academician teams, Shenyang will train more than 500 highly educated talents in the field of robotics every year, and actively promote colleges and universities to combine scientific and technological innovation with talent training to cultivate talents with "future thinking".

　　Seize the opportunity to speed up the layout of the new track, and Shenyang uses digital technology to promote industrial transformation: Tiexi District, an important industrial town, has created a "digital world" and promoted the "digital intelligence" transformation through the Industrial Internet Innovation Base of Sino-German Park; "Spark Chain Network" super node (Shenyang) has become the largest network communication hub node in Northeast China.

　　In the first half of this year, Shenyang issued the "Detailed Rules for the Management of Digital Pilot Demonstration Projects in Supporting Industries in Shenyang (for Trial Implementation)", which increased support from the policy and actively cultivated excellent digital application scenarios and intelligent upgrading projects.

　　"We should promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, speed up the construction of a modern industrial system with Shenyang characteristics and advantages, and build a regional scientific and technological innovation center with national influence … …” On November 8, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 14th Shenyang Municipal Committee made specific arrangements for cultivating future industries and accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces.

　　Li Kai, deputy dean of China Northeast Revitalization Research Institute of Northeastern University, said that accelerating the formation of new quality productivity is the only way for the rebirth of the Northeast. As the "Equipment Department of the Republic", Shenyang can only return to the commanding heights of China industry by seeking new changes and competing for the future.

Text reporters: Xu Yang, Yu Yitong, Ding Feibai

　　Video reporter: Gao Ming

　　Poster design: Xie Yue

　　Editor: Li Min, Qi Wenjuan, Chen Haitong, Hou Bangxing, Wu Jinfu

　　Coordinator: Fang Sixian and Zhou Yongyan

　　Russian media video screenshot

　　Overseas network March 2 nd"Russia Today" TV reported on the 1st that two Ukrainian diplomats were arrested on February 28th for trying to smuggle 16 kilograms of gold, thousands of packs of cigarettes and tens of thousands of dollars into Poland, and have been recalled.

　　It is reported that a driver and a consular attache of the Ukrainian Embassy in Warsaw, Poland, driving a minivan, were stopped on their way to Poland and detained by Ukrainian border guards on suspicion of smuggling. When the two men were caught red-handed, they were carrying euros worth more than 200,000 US dollars (about 1.29 million yuan), Polish zloty (the monetary unit of Poland) and US dollars, as well as 16 kilograms of gold and more than 8,000 packs of cigarettes, worth more than 50,000 US dollars (about 320,000 yuan).

　　Source: National Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine

　　The National Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine said in a statement that the investigators accused the driver and his entourage of "using diplomatic immunities and privileges and official means of transportation" to try to illegally transport the goods to the European Union. Two other officials were also allegedly involved in the attempted smuggling, including the father of the embassy attache.

　　On March 1st, Ukrainian Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Doumet Kuleba confirmed that the two staff members had been dismissed, and reminded other diplomats to take a warning. Russian media said that cigarette smuggling is rampant in some areas along the Ukrainian border, where the price of tobacco is lower than that of EU countries such as Poland. (Overseas Network/Zhang Qi Internship Compilation/Shi Wei)