标签归档 上海狼盟

　　Original title: The Yangtze finless porpoise is on the verge of "extreme danger"-the national key protection list has not been updated for 20 years, which leads to the lag of law enforcement and affects the protection effect

　　The existing list of species protection in China has not been systematically updated in the past 20 years. The list of national key protected wild animals was promulgated in 1989, and the list of national key protected wild plants (the first batch) was promulgated in 1999, and it has only been fine-tuned once so far; The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants (Second Batch) has been in the state of "discussion draft" and has not yet been officially promulgated.

　　The past two or three decades have witnessed the fastest economic development and urbanization in China, especially in the eastern and southern parts with high population density. Many natural habitats have been developed and changed, and resource utilization and human activities have intensified, resulting in habitat loss and fragmentation, which has greatly reduced the distribution and number of wild animal populations.

　　The population of the Yangtze finless porpoise, which was once affectionately called "Jiang Pig" by the residents along the Yangtze River because of its naive and extremely common behavior, has declined rapidly in the past 20 years, from 2,700 in 1991, 1,800 in 2006 and 1,050 in 2012 to less than 1,000 now-a figure that worries people who care about the protection of the finless porpoise.

　　Following the functionally extinct baiji, the Yangtze finless porpoise has been known as the "giant panda in the water" for more than 10 years, and the recent related research has even divided the Yangtze finless porpoise into an independent species. However, the "giant panda in the water" has not been treated as a giant panda: in the list of key protected wild animals in China, the finless porpoise has not changed since it was designated as a second-class protected animal in 1989. Although experts and conservation organizations keep calling for upgrading, the Ministry of Agriculture and the State Council have issued documents to strengthen the protection of finless porpoises, but the adjustment of the list involves the coordination and unification of various departments in charge of wildlife protection, so it has not been realized.

　　The lag of protection level cannot be said to have no influence on the living conditions of Yangtze finless porpoises today.

　　In January 2018, the only South China Golden Cat in the global zoo died in Hangzhou Zoo. Li Jian photo/bright picture

　　The Red List of Endangered Species published by IUCN divides the endangered species into nine grades, which are evaluated and updated by experts all over the world about every five years. It also includes the evaluation results of China species regularly organized by the National Endangered Species Science Committee of China, that is, the Red List of China Species. The rating of Yangtze finless porpoise in IUCN Red List was "endangered" in 2000, and it was upgraded to "extremely endangered" in 2013, only one step away from "extinction in the wild".

　　China Nature Watch 2016, an independent analysis report jointly issued by a number of nature conservation agencies and the Research Center for Nature Conservation and Social Development of Peking University, pointed out that the IUCN Red List involves threatened species in China (including critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable), and 405 of them are not included in China’s protection list; However, 197 species in China’s protected list are "non-endangered" species in IUCN’s red list-this means: on the one hand, a considerable number of endangered species are not protected by Chinese laws; On the other hand, some species that are not endangered may occupy limited conservation resources.

　　Specifically, there are the following situations:

　　First, it has been endangered for a long time but has never been included in the list. For example, the spoonbill snipe is a migratory bird passing through the eastern and southern coastal beaches of China. At present, the population in the world is estimated to be less than 100 pairs, and the habitat along its migration route, especially the development of coastal wetlands in East Asia, is the main reason for the extreme endangerment of this species. The IUCN Red List assessed it as endangered in 2004, and soon adjusted it to extremely endangered in 2008. However, this species was not included in the list of key protected animals in China, but only appeared in the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals Protected by the State (referred to as the "Three Lists").

　　Second, in the past 20 years, it has become endangered from no danger. For example, the well-known "sparrowfinch", the yellow-breasted flounder, still had a huge population and was widely distributed in the 1990s. In 2000, it was assessed as a non-endangered species in the IUCN Red List, and then its population plummeted due to excessive killing and eating and the large occupation of rice fields in its main habitat, and it was assessed as extremely endangered in 2017. At present, the sparrows are not listed in the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals.

　　Third, it has been included in the protection list, but the level is lower than the actual endangered situation. In addition to the Yangtze finless porpoise, another example is the yellow-lipped fish, a species endemic to China, which is rated as extremely dangerous in the IUCN Red List. But like finless porpoises, yellow-lipped fish is only Grade II in the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals. Yellow-lipped fish is one of the rarest species in the family Sciaenidae, with low protection rating, serious lack of public concern and national protection; In addition, some news media reported positively that fishermen caught yellow-lipped fish and sold it at a sky-high price, which aggravated the pressure of overfishing on this species.

　　Fourth, the list of the second batch of key protected plants has been delayed, and a number of endangered plants cannot be effectively protected. More than 2,000 species of plants threatened with extinction in the "second discussion draft" have not been protected by law due to disputes over jurisdiction by several competent authorities. Most of these plants have great economic value, so the wild population is over-utilized. For example, there are no restrictions on the mining and trading of wild ginseng in China, and sometimes it is even encouraged by individual news media. The situation is similar to that of wild Dendrobium candidum and Dendrobium huoshanense.

　　Fifth, some species endemic to China, but not endangered, are listed in the protection list. For example, Davidia involucrata, clover and Tibetan wild donkey are all national first-class protected species, but the number of wild populations is very large. According to China Nature Watch 2016, the protection of these species is improving.

　　China Nature Watch 2016 also assessed the protection status of all species in the current List of National Key Protected Wild Animals/Plants and all China species (1085 in total) on the threatened list in the IUCN Red List from 2000 to 2015. The results show that only 102 species have improved, 738 species have deteriorated, and the remaining 245 species lack information.

　　It can be seen that the outdated list leads to the lag of law enforcement, which is one of the reasons for the deterioration of the protection of quite a few threatened species. There are many reasons why the catalogue has not been updated, and the lack of species information, especially the reliable information of population number, actual distribution and change, is only one of them. With the country’s attention to species protection and the promotion of the whole society’s awareness of protection, especially the opportunities for the general public to participate in natural observation of birds and beasts are increasing and deepening, and the information gaps are being filled step by step. Another major obstacle affecting the updating of the directory is the deadlock caused by the difficulty in coordinating multi-sector management. It is expected that the integration of natural resource management departments will help solve the problem of multi-sector management of wildlife protection. In fact, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Wildlife Protection Law (Revised Draft), which came into effect on January 1, 2017, has written into the law that the list of protected animals should be updated every five years. Therefore, it is imperative to update the list as soon as possible.

　　For the adjustment of the list, we suggest to establish an evaluation standard based on experts and scientific data on the basis of referring to the research reports such as IUCN Red List of Endangered Species, China Red List of Species and China Nature Watch 2016, and comprehensively sort out and rate the species in China, so as to adjust the protection level. For example, the IUCN Red List can include endangered and extremely endangered species, and the species with a score lower than -2 (inclusive) in the reference of China Nature Watch 2016 can be adjusted as national first-class key protected species; Adjust (or reserve) flagship species such as giant panda, snow leopard and Chinese white dolphin, umbrella species and top predator species in the ecosystem as national first-class key protected species; The species in the discussion draft of "List of National Key Protected Wild Plants (Second Batch)" will be officially promulgated to make it legally effective. In principle, non-endangered and low-endangered species will not be removed from the list, but only downgraded. For example, if the species in the current protection list are non-endangered and near-endangered in the IUCN Red List, and the score in China Nature Watch 2016 is higher than -1 (inclusive), it will be adjusted to the national second-class key protected species; Extinct species are indicated separately; Remove the taxonomically proved species (such as heterophylla japonica) from the list.

　　We earnestly hope that the "Updated List of National Key Protected Species" will be put on the legislative agenda as soon as possible and promulgated as soon as possible, so that all the truly endangered species can be protected by law.

　　Source: Guangming Daily

　　On January 15th, a new case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Beijing. The case lives in Boya Xiyuan, South Agricultural University Road, shangdi street, Haidian District, and its recent whereabouts involve many shopping centers in Haidian, Chaoyang and Changping, Beijing.

　　Zhao Chengfang, deputy director of the Haidian District Health and Health Commission, said that at present, all risk points in Haidian District, including the trajectory of cases, involve about 13,000 people in total nucleic acid testing. The nucleic acid detection of all risk points involved in the case action trajectory has been completed, and the results are negative. At present, how is the flow adjustment work progressing? What service guarantee work has been carried out in the community with temporary closure measures?

The community where the case is located has implemented temporary closed management.

　　Yesterday (16th), the reporter saw in Boya Xiyuan Community, shangdi street, Haidian District, Beijing that all entrances and exits of the community had been closed, and the staff wearing protective clothing were killing the public areas in the community.

　　Yu Xiuhong, deputy director of the shangdi street office, said that under the guidance of the municipal and district disease control departments, the community has completed the precise prevention and control of closed control areas, control areas and prevention areas. There are 20 buildings in the whole community, only building 7 where the case is located is a closed control area, and the rest of the community is a control area.

　　△ Boya Xiyuan Community adopts control and sealing measures.

　　Yu Xiuhong said,They determined the scope of sealing control with the advancement of flow regulation, and did not do sealing control in the whole community at once. "If there is a problem with a certain doorway, you should only do the work for this doorway, and it will not cause a one-size-fits-all phenomenon. In the closed building, every household can’t go out, and other residents can move in the public area of the community without gathering. In addition, the time for home observation is also different. "

Hundreds of people joined the community service guarantee team.

Escort pregnant women and seriously ill patients.

　　Shangdi street organized the sinking of all 158 on-the-job cadres, and at the same time, more than 200 volunteers and social workers joined the community service guarantee team.

　　Yu Xiuhong introduced that the temporary closure of the community entered the second day, and all kinds of "fine work" such as buying food and medicine were an examination of the fine management ability of the community. "This is a very detailed and trivial work. For example, there are three Boya (Xiyuan) communities now.Maternal We have to report in advance according to the hospital where she wants to have a check-up, and contact 120 ambulances one day in advance to send her to complete the closed-loop check-up in time. For example, needdialysis We need to know the patient’s condition, the fixed time of dialysis, the physical indicators related to epidemic prevention and control, and whether he meets the standard of leaving the community. On this basis, we need to dock with his designated hospital. "

　　△ Boya Community Neighborhood Committee staff records residents’ needs

　　There are 2,928 permanent residents in Boya Xiyuan Community. At present, the nucleic acid detection of all people has been completed, and all the others are negative except the confirmed cases. Checking all kinds of information and meeting the diverse needs of residents became the focus of community workers yesterday (16th). The reporter saw at the Boya Xiyuan Community Epidemic Prevention and Control Command.Information on residents’ special needs, including maternity check-ups, cancer follow-up visits, renal dialysis, etc., has been collected in a table, and there is one-on-one service by special personnel. .

　　Tan Jing, secretary of the Party branch of Boya Xiyuan Community and director of the neighborhood committee, said: "The residents’ psychological state was not very stable in the early stage, so we also took this into account in the later stage and carried out one-on-one assistance and guidance. We also provided one-on-one assistance to empty nesters and elderly people living alone in the community. "

　　It is understood that every residential building in the community now collects residents’ demand information through the WeChat group, and residents send demand orders in the group. Residents who need to buy daily necessities can also directly scan the QR code to place orders, and the supermarket will complete the distribution. For online shopping of living materials and other express delivery, the property staff will strictly kill them, deliver them to the door according to the control requirements, and complete non-contact distribution. Some older residents can’t buy online, so volunteers take on the task of running errands part-time.

After environmental disinfection and nucleic acid detection

Some shopping malls involved in the track of the case.Business has resumed.

　　It is understood that the trajectory of this confirmed case involves many shopping centers, and some shopping places have resumed normal business after completing environmental disinfection and nucleic acid testing for all staff.

　　The reporter from Voice of China, the general station, visited and learned that only Qinghe Wanxianghui, which was visited on January 2, among the shopping centers involved in the case’s whereabouts, is still temporarily closed, and professional institutions are completing deep disinfection, and the resumption time is not yet clear.

　　The Financial Street Shopping Center issued a statement saying that the mall was closed for one day yesterday (16th), and it has been completely sterilized and cleaned. The results of nucleic acid tests in the store environment, brand shop assistants and staff were all negative, and it will resume normal business today.

　　The reporter noted that,In addition to the above two shopping centers that have temporarily closed their stores, the commercial centers involved in the travel trajectories of other cases will close their stores as much as possible, or maintain normal business under the premise of ensuring safety.

　　For example, Wynn International, at present, only the theater on the first floor of the basement where the case watched the performance on January 2 is temporarily closed, and other stores are open normally. In addition, AEON Shopping Mall in Changping and SKP in Beijing in Chaoyang are currently operating normally. The announcement issued by SKP yesterday (16th) showed that the case wore a mask all the time during the store, and all the service staff who received it wore masks all the time.

　　△ Statement issued by Beijing SKP

　　The reporter further verified that a certain brand store visited by the confirmed case was not closed. SKP store staff:

　　"No, just come directly."

　　"It doesn’t matter, we all made nucleic acids. I can only go to work with the results. "

The tracing of flow regulation is still in progress.

　　According to the staff of Beijing CDC, on January 15th, the travel track of the confirmed cases within 14 days has been investigated clearly, and the risk points have been cleared.At present, the CDC is still trying to find a way to investigate the source. In view of several major shopping malls and buses where the case has been active, further sampling and screening were quickly carried out, hoping to find clues. So far, no other positive cases have been found.

　　The "Guidelines for the Determination and Management of Close Contacts of COVID-19 Epidemic" (the eighth edition) makes it clear that the determination of close contacts begins two days before the symptoms of suspected cases or confirmed cases appear, or two days before the sampling of asymptomatic infected persons, and people who have close contact with them but have not taken effective protection. There are several specific principles for judging migrant workers, such as family members living together in the same room, people sharing meals and entertainment in a closed environment, and people providing catering and entertainment services.

　　At present, the flow control personnel are stepping up efforts to further refine the source of the flow control, seize the time to investigate the secret and sub-secret personnel and implement centralized isolation, strictly implement epidemic prevention and control measures for relevant personnel and regions, and resolutely block the transmission channels of the virus. For details, the Voice of China, the general station of Yangguang, will continue to follow up.

▌ Source of this article: Voice of China (ID: zgzs001), Central Radio and Television General Station

　　Reporter Yang Guang from the General Desk/Li Xingjian