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Interpretation of Global Asthma Management and Prevention Strategy Update in 2022 Edition

Correspondent: Sun Yongchang, professor, chief physician.

SETTING: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

A cross-sectional study of the first phase of the global asthma network published by The Lancet shows that by providing effective asthma treatment, the heavy burden of severe asthma symptoms in the world can be reduced. However, the prevalence of asthma in China is increasing year by year, and the overall control level of asthma in China is still not ideal. On World Asthma Day in 2022, global initiative for asthma Expert Group released the 2022 edition of Global Asthma Management and Prevention Strategy (GINA 2022). As an important guide for global asthma prevention and control, what are the important revisions of GINA 2022?

Based on this, this paper interprets the update points of GINA 2022, discusses the management of asthma during COVID-19 epidemic, and puts forward the reference significance for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma in China.

01、The diagnostic procedure of asthma was revised.

1.GINA 2022 pointed out that the examination method needed for diagnosis depends on whether the patient has received controlled treatment or not, and explained the matters needing attention during examination, as shown in Figure 1.

2、For patients who have not received controlled treatment, evidence helpful for asthma diagnosis should be recorded when asthma symptoms appear for the first time; For patients who have received controlled treatment, if the diagnosis basis of asthma has not been recorded before, they should be diagnosed through objective tests, as shown in Table 1.

How to reduce the control treatment to help confirm the diagnosis process of asthma is shown in Table 2.

02、Diagnosis and treatment of asthma in low-and middle-income countriesThe treatment plan provides suggestions.

1.GINA 2022 provides detailed guidance on the diagnosis and management of asthma in resource-poor areas. Among them, differential diagnosis usually needs to include endemic respiratory diseases and infections, tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ AIDS.

2.GINA 2022 does not recommend diagnosis only based on clinical symptoms. When the pulmonary function cannot be measured, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) can be used to confirm that the variable expiratory flow is limited.

3.The World Health Organization (WHO) basic non-communicable diseases (PEN) intervention package lists PEF detection as a basic tool for managing chronic respiratory diseases, and WHO-PEN suggests that compared with COPD and other diagnoses, the improvement of PEF by ≥20% after inhaling 2 sprays of salbutamol for 15 minutes can increase the possibility of asthma diagnosis.

4.GINA 2022 also suggested that after 4 weeks of anti-inflammatory experimental treatment and 1 week of oral glucocorticoid (OCS) treatment if necessary, if the symptoms and PEF are improved, it will help to diagnose asthma (or prompt other diagnosis) before starting long-term controlled treatment.

03、On-demand inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS)- formoterolThe role of frequency of use in asthma control evaluation

ICS- formoterol as a remission agent, its frequency of use (≤2 times/week or > 2 times/week) is not included in the comprehensive evaluation of symptom control. However, the average frequency of using ICS- formoterol on demand should still be considered in the treatment decision.

04、Opinions on the severity of disease and "mild asthma"

GINA 2022 suggested that the word "mild asthma" should be avoided as much as possible in clinical practice; If it is used, the risk of serious attack and the necessity of using ICS-containing treatment scheme should be reminded.

05、Treatment of asthma

In the maintenance treatment of asthma, some issues are still controversial, such as the use of long-acting anticholinergic drugs (LAMA), whether to add some new biological targeted drugs to the fifth grade treatment of asthma, etc. GINA 2022 recommended the above problems and provided evidence. See figure 2.

Specific to the treatment of asthma in adults and adolescents, GINA 2022 emphasizes the reasons for two treatment paths:

Path 1, ICS- formoterol is used as a remission agent as needed in the treatment process because it has lower risk of acute attack and similar symptom control effect compared with SABA as a remission agent.

Path 2, GINA 2022 also added other evidence for the low-dose on-demand use of ICS- formoterol in step 1-2, including systematic review showing that the on-demand use of ICS- formoterol significantly reduced the risk of emergency treatment or hospitalization compared with daily ICS combined with on-demand SABA. GINA 2022 included anti-TSLP as a new biotherapy for severe asthma in step 5, and introduced it in detail in the guide to severe asthma.

06、Decision Tree of Refractory and Severe Asthma in Adults and Adolescents

（1）GINA 2022 clearly points out that for patients with refractory asthma whose blood eosinophils are ≥300 /μl, before considering biotherapy, we should evaluate whether there are any non-asthmatic causes, including strongyloides infection (strongyloides infection is usually asymptomatic). For patients with eosinophilia (blood eosinophils ≥1 500 /μl), eosinophilic granuloma with polyangiitis (EGPA) and other reasons should be considered, and the use of anti-IL4R should be avoided, because such patients were not included in the phase III study.

（2）GINA 2022 decision tree mentioned that tezepelumab is an additional biotherapy for severe asthma patients over 12 years old, and it has the greatest benefit in reducing the risk of acute exacerbation for patients with hypereosinophilia or screaming out nitric oxide (FeNO).

（3）Anti-IL4R is added for adults and teenagers.

（4）Anti-IgE is added during pregnancy, and there is very little evidence about the treatment of severe asthma during pregnancy, and the risk of using biotherapy during pregnancy needs to be weighed against the risk of uncontrolled asthma to mother and baby. A registered study found that using omalizumab during pregnancy did not increase the risk of congenital malformation.

（5）GINA 2022 added the results of systematic review and meta-analysis of patients with eosinophilia and type 2 asthma with additional application of anti-IgE, anti-IL5/5R and anti-IL4R.

（6）Maintenance OCS is only used as the last treatment for all age groups when other treatments are ineffective and there is no alternative.

(Note: You can swipe up and down to see more)

07、Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ACO)

(1) Definition: ACO and asthma+chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are used to collectively refer to patients with persistent airflow limitation with clinical characteristics of both asthma and COPD. This is not a definition of a single disease, but is used to describe some clinical phenotypes with different pathogenesis.

(2) Diagnosis: See Table 3 for the most helpful clinical features and corresponding recommended treatments to distinguish asthma from COPD, and Table 4 for the pulmonary function features of ACO.

(3) Treatment: initial treatment (see Table 3), ACO should be treated as asthma, and ICS is the key to treatment.

Referral examination, it is recommended to refer for further diagnosis and evaluation in the following cases:

① Patients with persistent and/or worsening symptoms after treatment;

② The diagnosis is uncertain, especially the need for further differential diagnosis, such as bronchiectasis, post-tuberculosis scar, bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases that cause respiratory symptoms;

③ Suspected asthma or COPD with atypical symptoms or other symptoms and signs (such as hemoptysis, obvious emaciation, night sweats, fever, bronchiectasis or other structural lung diseases) should be referred as soon as possible without waiting for the treatment trial of asthma or COPD;

④ When chronic airway diseases are suspected, but the characteristics of ACO are few;

⑤ Complications of patients may affect the assessment and management of respiratory diseases;

⑥ According to GINA and GOLD, problems during the treatment and management of asthma, COPD or ACO should also be referred.

08、Other update points

(1) Using electronic cigarettes will increase the risk of respiratory symptoms and acute exacerbation of asthma;

(2) Air filter can reduce the exposure of fine particles, but there is no consistent result for the prognosis of asthma;

(3) Updated the evidence of correlation between air pollution and the utilization of emergency medical care resources for asthma;

(4) Electronic inhaler detection can identify the compliance of patients with refractory asthma;

(5) In the patients who have used the treatment scheme containing moderate-high dose ICS, but the asthma symptoms are still not controlled, high blood eosinophil level and high FeNO level are related to the high risk of acute exacerbation of asthma;

(6) Patients hospitalized due to acute asthma attack should continue or be given a treatment plan containing ICS.

Management of asthma during COVID-19 epidemic

1. Management of asthma during 1.COVID-19 epidemic.

GINA 2022 pointed out that asthma patients did not seem to have an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. However, it should be noted that the risk of death caused by COVID-19 increases in patients who need OCS for asthma and hospitalized patients with severe asthma. It shows that it is very important to continue good asthma management, and active measures should be taken to maintain good symptom control, reduce the risk of acute exacerbation of asthma and minimize the demand for OCS.

2. The requirements of epidemic prevention and control should be considered in the process of asthma management.

If it is impossible to test lung function due to the restriction of local epidemic prevention and control, and the information about lung function is needed, we can consider asking patients to test lung function at home. Some treatment measures, such as oxygen therapy, sputum induction, manual ventilation, non-invasive ventilation and intubation, can lead to the generation of aerosol, so we should follow the local health strategies and health suggestions on the use of personal protective equipment in accordance with the requirements of epidemic prevention and control.

3. Suggestions on vaccination of asthma patients with COVID-19 vaccine.

(1)GINA suggested that patients with asthma should be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine in time and booster if possible. At the time of vaccination, the usual vaccine preventive measures are also applicable to asthma patients.

(2) For patients undergoing biotherapy, the first dose of biotherapy and COVID-19 vaccine should not be injected on the same day, so as to identify their adverse reactions more easily.

(3)GINA also reminded that asthma patients should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine every year, and influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine can be vaccinated on the same day. In addition, even if vaccinated, you should wear a mask in public places.

Reference significance for asthma management in China

1.For the diagnosis of asthma in China, we should pay attention to the following points.

(1) It should be emphasized in medical institutions at all levels that the diagnosis of asthma should be based on the objective basis of symptoms and signs and variable airflow limitation.

(2) When the first symptoms appear, whether to carry out further examination should be decided according to its clinical urgency. If necessary, the lung function data or variable airflow limitation data should be recorded. For patients who have received treatment but have no asthma-related data records, relevant examinations should be improved according to their control situation.

2.In the evaluation of asthma control, use "mild asthma" cautiously.

The term "mild asthma" should be avoided in clinical practice. If necessary, patients with infrequent symptoms or mild asthma symptoms may still have severe or fatal attacks, and this risk can be reduced by half or even two-thirds by using low-dose ICS or low-dose ICS- formoterol as needed.

3.About the treatment and management of asthma

(1) Attention should be paid to individualization of treatment, and the treatment decision should take into account the characteristics or phenotypes of patients, which may predict the difference of treatment response between them and other asthma patients. In addition, the patient’s expectation of therapeutic effect, psychological burden and some practical problems (inhaler technology, compliance, ability to use drugs, patient’s cost, etc.) should also be considered.

(2) It should be emphasized that low-dose ICS- formoterol as a remission agent is the first choice for most people.

– END –

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a typhoon red warning at 10: 00 on September 2:

　　The center of the 11th typhoon "Anemone" this year is located at 8 o’clock this morning (September 2nd) in the northwest Pacific Ocean about 550km east of Taiwan Province, which is 22.1 degrees north latitude and 126.2 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 13 (40m/s), the lowest pressure in the center is 960 hectopascals, and the radius of the seven-level wind circle is 220-.

　　It is estimated that "Anemone" will move westward at a speed of 15-20km/h, and its intensity will gradually increase. It will land on the southeast coast of Taiwan Province Island in China around the evening of the 3rd (50-55m/s, with a magnitude of 15-16), then pass through Taiwan Province Island, and its intensity will gradually decrease, and it will approach the eastern coast of Guangdong from the south of Fujian, or it may turn around in the Taiwan Province Strait with little movement.

　　In addition, the center of Typhoon Sura No.9 this year is located at 8: 00 am today (September 2) in the offshore of Taishan City, Guangdong Province, which is 21.6 degrees north latitude and 112.7 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 13 (40m/s), and the lowest pressure in the center is 960 hectopascals.

　　It is estimated that "Sura" will move to the south-south direction at a speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour, and its intensity will gradually weaken. It will land on the eastern coast of Leizhou Peninsula (20-23 m/s, magnitude 8-9) in the early morning of the 3rd, and then enter the Beibu Gulf, and continue to weaken into a tropical depression.

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on September 2 to 14: 00 on September 3, due to the influence of Sura, there will be strong winds of 6-8 grades and gusts of 9-10 grades in the northwest of the South China Sea, the eastern part of Beibu Gulf, Qiongzhou Strait and the central and western coastal areas of Guangdong, the southern coastal areas of Guangxi, the northern coastal areas of Hainan, the Pearl River Estuary, Hong Kong and Macao, etc. The winds in the nearby seas or areas where Sura Center passes are 11-12 grades and gusts of 13-14. Under the influence of Anemone, there will be 6-8 winds and 9-10 gusts in the Taiwan Province Strait, bashi channel, the southern coast of Zhejiang, the coast of Fujian, the eastern coast of Guangdong and the coast of Taiwan Province Island, 9-12 winds and 13-14 gusts in some sea areas east of Taiwan Province, and 13-16 winds and 17 gusts in the sea near the center of Anemone.

　　Precipitation forecast:From 14: 00 on September 2 to 14: 00 on September 3, under the influence of Sura and Anemone, there were heavy rains in southwestern Guangdong, southeastern Guangxi, northeastern Fujian and eastern Taiwan Province Island, among which there were heavy rains (100-220 mm) in parts of southwestern Guangdong and eastern Taiwan Province Island.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Ma Kun (left), a rural science and technology correspondent, went to the countryside to guide farmers to check the production of litchi trees. Nanfang Daily reporter Sun Junjie photo

　　"Hello, Chief Ma, I heard that there are novel litchi varieties. Members of our cooperative held a meeting overnight to discuss and would like to ask you to guide the grafting of new varieties." Wechat like this is often received by Ma Kun, an associate researcher at Dongguan Agricultural Science Research Center. As a rural science and technology correspondent, Ma Kun often provides technical consulting services for fruit farmers, and goes deep into orchards to provide on-site guidance for farmers. He is worried that fruit farmers don’t know his name, and he specially asks fruit farmers to call him "Mark", which is simple and easy to remember.

　　Ma Kun is one of 107 rural science and technology commissioners in Dongguan. Today, this team has become the vanguard of rural revitalization in Dongguan. They promoted advanced technology at the grassroots level, solved intractable diseases for farmers, and helped villagers reduce planting costs. In the past six years, they have served the masses 1457 times.

　　The relevant person in charge of Dongguan Agricultural and Rural Bureau said: "These ‘ Soil expert ’ And ‘ Tian Xiucai ’ Introducing science and technology into Tiantou and using demonstration projects to drive development have laid a good foundation for rural revitalization and building beautiful countryside. " (Nanfang Daily reporter Shi Mei trainee reporter Wu Yuhu)

　　Solve technical problems

　　Villagers have reliable "consultants"

　　Grape is a northern fruit, which was not suitable for planting in Dongguan in the past. In recent years, in order to support the development of urban agriculture, Miao Bingbing, a rural science and technology correspondent in Dongguan and a senior agronomist in the Municipal Agricultural Science Research Center, and his colleagues have overcome difficulties, introduced grapes to Dongguan and planted 1000 mu.

　　"Dongguan can also grow grapes!" The news spread like wildfire. At the beginning of last year, Dr. Huang Huiming, a returnee, called four small partners and came to a wasteland in Qishi Town to build a "My Farm" vineyard. Although young people are energetic, Huang Huiming and his companions are both from engineering backgrounds and are not familiar with agriculture. They invited Miao Bingbing to be a tutor and be students with an open mind.

　　Local farmers in Dongguan have never planted grapes, and the technical problems they face are endless. Miao Bingbing said that growing grapes requires high technology and poor management, so it is difficult to have a good harvest. To this end, he and his colleagues held training courses and held on-site meetings in orchards. Every key link of grape planting, from site selection, greenhouse construction, variety selection to growth management, from flowering, pruning to yield and harvest, scientific and technical personnel should be present to follow and guide the whole process.

　　For technical problems in planting, we should look for rural science and technology commissioners, and also look for them when plants have diseases and insect pests. In Bai Cai Village, Daojiao Town, many villagers make a living by planting wax gourd, and there are 500-600 mu of wax gourd fields in the local area. However, since last year, wax gourd wilt has been bothering them.

　　"Since last year, our team has received a request for help from wax gourd infected with Fusarium wilt in Bai Cai village. Locally planted wax gourd began to get sick at the seedling stage, and by the mature stage, half of wax gourd was infected with Fusarium wilt, which directly brought more than half of the output value loss to farmers. " Speaking of this, Lu Xiangzi, a rural science and technology correspondent in Dongguan and deputy director of the Municipal Banana and Vegetable Research Institute, is full of distress. "The couple planted 10 acres of wax gourd, and the gross profit of one acre of land was about 19,000 yuan. The blight of winter melon directly cuts their income in half, and the villagers are miserable. "

　　In order to overcome this problem, Lv Shun and his team have visited Nanhai, Foshan, Yulin, Guangxi, Nanning, Taishan, Jiangmen and other major wax gourd producing areas to carry out pathogen collection and prevention and control technology research. "We are taking the time to carry out research on the prevention and control technology of wax gourd wilt in Dongguan, hoping to overcome this problem as soon as possible and reduce the losses of farmers."

　　Support demonstration base

　　Agricultural enterprises have their own "think tanks"

　　In the greenhouse of Dongguan Grain and Flower Research Institute, thousands of pots of Anthurium andraeanum are arranged neatly, and the pots are full of flowers, which makes the viewers happy. Anthurium symbolizes great ambitions. Anthurium can often be seen when moving to a new home, opening a new store or celebrating a wedding. Wang Yanjun, a rural science and technology correspondent in Dongguan and deputy director of Dongguan Grain and Flower Research Institute, said that the market consumption of Anthurium andraeanum is large, the flowering period is about 3 months, and the consumption cost performance is high. After she and her team were familiar with their planting methods, they helped Dongguan Donggong Professional Cooperative to become a brand in the industry.

　　The planting threshold of Anthurium andraeanum is relatively high, which belongs to facility agriculture. The cost per square meter of its greenhouse is from 400 yuan to 500 yuan, and each greenhouse needs to be equipped with water curtains, fans and air conditioners. Only one greenhouse needs about 10 air conditioners with 50 horses. Wang Yanjun said that Anthurium is also very demanding on elements such as soil, sunshine, water and fertilizer.

　　"We mainly do a good job in planting and production. Although we have encountered minor setbacks, fortunately, the Dongguan Grain and Flower Research Institute has escorted us, and it has been very smooth along the way." Ye Shuzhen, the relevant person in charge of Donggong Professional Cooperative, introduced.

　　Not only the Donggong specialized cooperative, since 2013, the Municipal Grain and Flower Research Institute has successively established three large demonstration bases, including the Donggong specialized cooperative in Xiegang Town, Chuntian Xinlv Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. in machong and Zhuohui Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. in Dongkeng Town. They have sent science and technology commissioners to provide peer-to-peer personal services, from park planning and establishment of sales channels to variety selection and technology transfer. With the careful support of the institute, after several years of development, all three bases have certain strength and started their brands in the industry. Last year, the three bases sold 1.5 million pots of ornamental flowers such as Anthurium andraeanum, arrowroot and evergreen, with sales reaching 15 million yuan.

　　In 2017, based on the original foundation, the Municipal Research Institute of Grain Crops and Flowers made persistent efforts to build four new demonstration bases, including Huitong Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Daojiao Jifeng Agricultural Industrial Park, Shunyi Flower Cooperative in Fenggang Town, Yalan Flower Co., Ltd. in Shijie Town and Nongxing Biological Co., Ltd. in Shilong Town. In recent years, the Municipal Research Institute of Grain and Flowers has helped these bases to standardize management, solve technical difficulties and establish good brands, and achieved good results. At present, these four bases have been appraised as demonstration bases for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.

　　It is a microcosm of Dongguan’s model of "science and technology correspondent+enterprise+demonstration base" to send rural science and technology commissioners to enterprises and guide enterprises to enter agricultural related fields. Since the implementation of the action of science and technology Commissioner in 2012, Dongguan has implemented the project director responsibility system, given full play to the demonstration and leading role of "local experts" and "Tian Xiucai", used cooperative projects to promote development, established various cooperation modes such as "science and technology Commissioner+enterprise+demonstration base" and "science and technology Commissioner+farmer+demonstration base", vigorously promoted various new agricultural technologies and varieties, and acted as a "good" for agricultural enterprises, cooperatives and farmers.

　　Drive rural development

　　The story of "getting rich through science and technology" was staged in less developed villages.

　　Came to houjie town Dajing community, on both sides of the wide cement road, full of cars. Ma Kun said: "In 2011, when I first came to Datun, it was not like this. At that time, entering the orchard was still a bumpy dirt road, which made people feel sick. "

　　Unlike many villages in Dongguan, Dajing is close to the Forest Park and Henggang Reservoir, which is an important ecological protection area and cannot develop industry. Litchi is the main source of income for local people, and the village collective economy is relatively backward. It is one of the two less developed villages in houjie town. However, the traditional quality and yield of litchi are greatly influenced by the year. Litchi has a high yield every year, but it is cheap, "low fruit hurts farmers"; Litchi production is reduced in small years, and some farmers can hardly recover the cost.

　　In view of this situation, Ma Kun and his team are committed to developing new varieties of litchi and labor-saving cultivation techniques of litchi, so that litchi can be sold at a high price and farmers can have lower costs. Huang Zhiqiang, president of Houjie Dajing Guiguan Litchi Professional Cooperative, was deeply touched by this.

　　Walking into the litchi orchard in Huang Zhiqiang, a community resident, litchi trees are growing well all over the mountain. Huang Zhiqiang said, "We want to get rich by litchi, but we have no technology. In 2012, the Agricultural Science Center promoted new litchi varieties, and I signed up for the first batch. " This new variety is called "Bingli", which was cultivated by the Agricultural Science Center on a natural variation tree species after more than 20 years of research and development. The new variety was successfully planted and quickly popularized in Dajing community.

　　Pick up an "ice plum", look at the appearance, the skin is full of bright red, taste it, the meat is smooth, sweet and honey-flavored, and the stone is very small. Huang Zhiqiang said: "Compared with the litchi varieties we used to grow, the quality of iced litchi is better." With the cultivation of excellent litchi varieties, Dajing community has gained confidence. Since 2012, Litchi Festival has been held every year to enhance the reputation of new varieties. This year, the demand for ice licks planted by villagers is in short supply in the market, and they are sold to 380 yuan per catty. Even though other varieties of litchi were sold at low prices last year, iced litchi can still be sold at a high price of around 200 yuan per catty. Huang Zhiqiang sold 2,000 Jin last year and earned several hundred thousand yuan.

　　The new variety of litchi developed by Ma Kun and his colleagues is making a fortune for more and more underdeveloped villages. Last year’s China International Litchi Industry Conference selected ten main varieties in Guangdong, including Bingli, Lingfengnuo, Guanyin Green and Tangxiahong, all from Dongguan Agricultural Science Research Center.

　　Not only that, the horse has also brought many new agricultural technologies to fruit farmers: pipeline spraying technology, laying pipelines in the field, improving spraying efficiency and reducing labor intensity; Fertilizer and water integration technology can reduce production cost and improve litchi quality through precise fertilization and water use; Popularizing new equipment such as ring cutting tools makes orchard management more labor-saving. According to the evaluation of agricultural authorities, the application of labor-saving cultivation technology of litchi can save the average cost of 500 to 1,500 yuan per mu and increase the income by 300 yuan to 700 yuan.

　　According to the relevant staff of the Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, since the implementation of the Science and Technology Commissioner in 2012, Dongguan has continuously innovated its service methods. By the end of 2018, a total of 107 special commissioners had been dispatched to serve and guide the masses for 1,457 times, and 64 new agricultural technologies, varieties and achievements had been introduced and popularized, and 83 enterprises and demonstration bases had settled in, initially forming a three-level management service network for science and technology special commissioners in cities, towns, streets and demonstration bases.

　　"On the one hand, we focus on the development strategy of rejuvenating agriculture through science and technology, implement the project host responsibility system, use cooperative projects to drive development, and continuously expand the service coverage of science and technology commissioners; On the other hand, we plan our work around the rural revitalization and the construction of beautiful countryside, with the aim of meeting the needs of agricultural industry development in various places as the starting point. The team of special commissioners goes deep into the grass-roots units to jointly tackle key technical problems with enterprises and farmers to solve key technologies for the development of agricultural production. In the future, Dongguan will continue to expand the team of science and technology commissioners and build a vanguard of rural revitalization. "

　　■ Reporter’s Notes

　　Commissioner inserts "wings of science and technology" for rural revitalization

　　Factories are spreading, and high-rise buildings are springing up. In the wave of rapid industrialization and urbanization in Dongguan, agricultural land is decreasing, and farmers "wash their feet and go to the fields", where rural revitalization and urban development form a trend of going hand in hand.

　　The agricultural production that has been inherited for thousands of years and the extensive small-scale peasant model are increasingly unsuitable for the development needs of Dongguan. Can we innovate in planting varieties, develop urban agriculture, activate the countryside and insert "scientific and technological wings" for traditional agriculture? To solve these problems, the emergence of rural science and technology commissioners is just the right time.

　　In August last year, the Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province, in conjunction with relevant institutions, issued the Action Plan for Technological Innovation in Rural Revitalization of Guangdong Province, proposing that by 2020, innovation-driven rural revitalization and development will make significant progress, and the institutional framework and policy system for supporting rural revitalization by science and technology will basically take shape.

　　In Dongguan, rural science and technology commissioners are active in Tiantou, and are stirring up the beam of science and technology to support rural revitalization. The relevant person in charge of Dongguan Agricultural and Rural Bureau said: "These ‘ Soil expert ’ And ‘ Tian Xiucai ’ Introducing science and technology into Tiantou and using demonstration projects to drive development have laid a good foundation for rural revitalization and building beautiful countryside. "

　　The rural science and technology Commissioner came and the new technology went to the countryside. Just as factories need "chief engineers", rural areas also need "think tanks". With the outflow of rural labor force, the aging of rural resident population, the scarcity of agricultural labor force and the backwardness of agricultural technology have become the shortcomings that restrict rural development. Rural science and technology commissioners introduced agricultural science and technology, talents and management mechanisms into Tiantou to solve many pain points and difficulties faced by current agricultural development.

　　Member of the project team of "Integration, Popularization and Application of Labor-saving Cultivation Techniques of Litchi", serving as a science and technology correspondent. Faced with the bottleneck problems that restrict the development of litchi industry, such as tall litchi trees, closed orchards, labor-intensive management fees, and increasing labor and agricultural materials costs, science and technology commissioners carried out research and popularization and application of labor-saving cultivation techniques for litchi, which brought about obvious improvement in production efficiency, saved the average yield per mu of litchi planting from 500 yuan to 1,500 yuan, and increased the income per mu from 300 yuan to 500 yuan.

　　The rural science and technology correspondent came and the new project fell to the ground. Increasing farmers’ income and getting rich, improving agricultural development and improving rural appearance are all inseparable from the support of industrial projects. The development of the industry is inseparable from the leading role and demonstration. Dongguan rural science and technology commissioners implement the project responsibility system, and the project team establishes various cooperation modes such as "science and technology commissioners+enterprises+demonstration bases" and "science and technology commissioners+farmers+demonstration bases" to closely bind scattered farmers, cooperatives and enterprises together. All kinds of new agricultural technologies and varieties have been popularized with half the effort.

　　The project team of "Collection, Evaluation and Utilization of Germplasm Resources of Cymbidium hybridum" in Dongguan screened out six varieties with good ornamental value, strong heat resistance and high flowering rate, established two demonstration cultivation bases, received more than 8,000 study visits, trained more than 1,000 people, trained and guided more than 50 enterprises, held one orchid exhibition, welcomed more than 20,000 visitors and promoted more than 5 million Cymbidium seedlings. … All kinds of data show that with the leader, agricultural development can make a good start.

　　The rural science and technology correspondent came, and the new concept blossomed. Dongguan’s agriculture is different from other areas, and the farmland is precious. How to make the least land play the maximum benefit? Focusing on the construction of beautiful countryside and the strategy of rural revitalization and development, and focusing on the future development opportunities in rural areas, rural science and technology commissioners have made new ideas such as urban agriculture and regional advantageous industries take root in rural areas.

　　Grapes have not been planted in Dongguan since ancient times, but grapes are the best products for leisure picking in urban agriculture. After a long period of tackling key problems, the rural science and technology commissioners introduced grapes to Dongguan, and established 11 grape demonstration bases in Dongguan, with a total area of 500 mu and a radiation promotion of 3,000 mu, making the grapes harvested twice a year into an advantageous and characteristic industry in Dongguan. Another example is that lotus rot occurred in Lianhu Lake at Qiaotou, and special science and technology commissioners were stationed to serve the production site of Lianhu Lake for dozens of times every year, which finally formed the "Technical Regulations for Ecological Prevention and Control of Lotus Rot". Last year, Lotus in Lianhu achieved two blooms, and the Lotus Culture and Art Festival attracted tourists from all directions.

　　The rural science and technology correspondent came down alone, but attracted a group of people, activated an industry and brought a batch of bumper harvests. At present, Dongguan has entered the fast lane of rural revitalization. Under the leadership of rural science and technology commissioners, I believe that in the near future, the villages in Dongguan will be richer, more beautiful and stronger!

Among the A-class compact family cars, Chang ‘an (picture | configuration | inquiry) is a car that has attracted the attention of many friends. Today, I will take you to feel Changan Yidong at the scene. Are there many market feedbacks, word-of-mouth of owners and complaints about this car? And which model is the most suitable? Is the configuration enough? I have to say that Changan Yidong’s market sales volume is really excellent. This year’s cumulative sales volume has exceeded 80,000 units, and last month’s sales volume reached 11,000 units.

In terms of cost performance:

The brand-new 2024 Changan Yidong, the official guide price ranges from 83,900 to 96,900. At present, the car learned at the scene that its discount ranges from 25,000 to 30,000, and the minimum naked car has reached about 65,000. Compared with the 1.5-liter and 1.2T models after the discount, the price is about 30,000 yuan cheaper.

Outside the dimension space:

The third generation of Changan Yidong, the overall body size and spatial performance, compared with the old model is really bigger. The body length of the third generation model is 4,770 mm, and the wheelbase is 2,765 mm. From the data, it is not difficult to find that it is larger than Corolla, LaVida and LaVida.

Moreover, the side waistline of the new model is designed with double waistlines, through-going design, hidden door handles and a number of 17-inch tires with whirlwind aluminum alloy wheels. This configuration is already very good, and it is basically invisible on the joint venture car. Moreover, the tail of the new car has also been adjusted to some extent, and its tailgate opening method is actually concentrated in the Logo position.

Interior and configuration:

The overall interior design of the new generation models is relatively high, and the work materials are not bad. After all, it is a model of 60,000 to 70,000, so don’t ask too much. The overall hierarchical performance is good, but its LCD instrument panel is a bit special, which is 10.25 inches lower than that of two models with non-full LCD.

The two models are equipped with 10.25-inch full LCD instruments, but the central control panel is 13.2 inches. It comes standard with GPS navigation system, vehicle interconnection system, four-way adjustment for leather parcels, and electronic gear lever.

Auxiliary and control configuration:

The new model comes standard with rear parking radar, 360 full image, transparent image, constant speed cruise, automatic parking, uphill assist, steep slope descent and three driving modes, and the basic configuration is relatively complete. The high-end version of the car is additionally added with ACC full-speed adaptive cruise and L1-class assisted driving function.

Active and passive safety:

Chang ‘an Yidong is equipped with 4-6 airbags and standard functions. Only a high-equipped model will increase lane departure warning, front collision warning and active braking.

In terms of dynamic performance:

Changan Yidong adopts a 1.5T turbocharged engine and is equipped with a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, with a maximum power of 170 horsepower and a maximum torque of 260 Nm. The old 1.4T performance version of the original Yidong PLUS is still on sale, equipped with a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox with a maximum power of 160 horsepower. In terms of power performance, it is obviously stronger than the power of LaVida, Corolla and even LaVida’s 1.5T version, and it is only consistent with Yidong’s 1.4T version.

Market feedback: word-of-mouth complaints from car owners:

Changan Yidong is in the market, and many friends are satisfied with the dynamic performance, space, riding experience, rich configuration, practicality and sensitive dynamic response of this car. However, the dissatisfaction is that the gearbox has a certain sense of frustration, high fuel consumption, large tire noise and large wind noise. The quietness of this level of models is so understandable.

There are not many complaints about 2024 Changan Yidong: there are mainly some problems, such as reservation/deposit dispute, fault light lighting, vehicle interconnection fault, paint blistering and cracking, and the number of complaints per month is less than six.

Which model of Changan Yidong is the most popular in the market and which model is the most concerned?

After investigation, it was found that Changan Yidong’s old 1.4T model attracted as much attention as 70%. After all, the preferential strength of this model is relatively large, and its landing is only over 70,000, so its selectivity is relatively high.

The top version of the replacement version of the model, the flagship version of the model, has attracted 50% attention, mainly because the configuration is relatively high, and it is a new car, so young people have higher requirements for configuration. Of course, the beggar version of the replacement model has a high degree of attention of 40%, and the basic configuration is relatively complete and optional.