Draw a new blueprint for digital agriculture and rural development
-The person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs interprets the Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Plan (2019-2025).
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Committee jointly issued the Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Plan (2019-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Plan). A few days ago, the head of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs accepted an exclusive interview with reporters on the background significance, objectives and tasks, and how to implement the Plan.
Q: Please tell us about the background and significance of the "Planning".
A:The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and the real economy, and accelerate the digitalization, networking and intelligence of agriculture. "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Implementing Rural Revitalization Strategy" and "Outline of Digital Economy Development Strategy" put forward that it is necessary to vigorously develop digital agriculture, implement digital village strategy and promote agricultural digital transformation.
In order to implement the central decision-making arrangements, accelerate the precision of agricultural and rural production and management, intelligent management services, and digital rural governance, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Committee conducted in-depth investigations, listened to opinions and suggestions from all sides, studied and compiled the Plan, put forward the overall thinking, development goals and key tasks of promoting digital agricultural and rural construction in the new era, and described the blueprint for the development of digital agricultural and rural construction.
Planning is a programmatic document to guide the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas in the coming period. The issuance and implementation of "Planning" conforms to the new trend of digital development, meets the new expectations of hundreds of millions of farmers, highlights the strategic position of digital agriculture and rural construction, and is of great significance for accelerating the construction of digital China, bridging the "digital gap" between urban and rural areas, cultivating new kinetic energy for rural revitalization, and seizing the commanding heights of global agriculture.
Q: What kind of development ideas and goals does the Plan put forward for the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas?
A:"Planning" has made a systematic arrangement for the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas in the coming period, with both a road map and a timetable.
The "Planning" clarifies the development thinking of digital agriculture construction in the coming period, and proposes to take industrial digitalization and digital industrialization as the main line of development, the deep integration of digital technology and agricultural and rural economy as the main direction, and data as the key production factor, and strive to build a basic data resource system, strengthen the construction of digital production capacity, accelerate the digital transformation of agricultural and rural production and management services, and strengthen the innovation of key technologies and equipment and the construction of major engineering facilities. We will promote the interconnection and open sharing of government information systems and public data, comprehensively improve the level of intelligent production, networked management, efficient management and convenient service in agriculture and rural areas, and drive the modernization of agriculture and rural areas with digital leadership to provide strong support for the overall revitalization of rural areas.
"Planning" puts forward the development goal of digital agriculture and rural areas. On the overall goal, the Plan proposes that by 2025, important progress will be made in the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas, which will strongly support the implementation of the digital rural strategy; The agricultural and rural data collection system has been established and improved, and "one network", "one system" and "one platform" have been basically established, namely, the integrated observation network of the sky and the ground, the basic data resource system of agriculture and rural areas and the agricultural and rural cloud platform; The integration of digital technology with agricultural industrial system, production system and management system has been accelerated, the digital transformation of agricultural production and management has made remarkable progress, the digital level of management services has been significantly improved, the proportion of agricultural digital economy has been greatly improved, and the rural digital governance system has been improved day by day. In terms of specific indicators, the overall target requirements are refined and three key indicators are put forward, so that the objectives of the Plan can be measured and implemented. That is, the proportion of agricultural digital economy in agricultural added value will increase from 7.3% in 2018 to 15% in 2025, the proportion of online retail sales of agricultural products in the total transaction volume of agricultural products will increase from 9.8% in 2018 to 15% in 2025, and the rural Internet penetration rate will increase significantly from 38.4% in 2018 to 70% in 2025.
Q: What key tasks are put forward in the Plan for the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas?
A:Facing the great demand of rural revitalization, facing the main battlefield of modern agricultural construction, the Plan closely focuses on promoting the deep integration of digital technology and agriculture and rural areas, and puts forward five key tasks.
The first is to build a basic data resource system for agriculture and rural areas. The Plan proposes to build five types of big data, including agricultural natural resources, important agricultural germplasm resources, rural collective assets, rural residential sites, farmers and new agricultural business entities, to form a basic data resource system for agriculture and rural areas, and provide strong support for accurate management and services for agriculture and rural areas.
The second is to speed up the digital transformation of production and operation. The "Plan" proposes to promote the informationization of planting industry, speed up the development of digital farming conditions, build a monitoring network for pest forecasting and digital plant protection defense system, and build a digital pastoral. Promote the intelligence of animal husbandry, build digital breeding pastures, accelerate the application of intelligent monitoring technology for individual signs, and promote direct reporting of farm data. Promote the intelligentization of fisheries, develop intelligent aquaculture, upgrade and transform fishing boats and digital fishing equipment, and build a comprehensive management system for fishing ports. Promote the digitalization of seed industry, excavate and deeply apply seed industry big data, research and promote the technology and equipment for obtaining plant and animal phenotypic information, and improve the function of national seed industry big data platform. Promote the diversification of new formats, encourage the development of new Internet-based formats such as crowdfunding agriculture and customized agriculture, deepen the comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce in rural areas, and encourage the development of smart leisure agriculture platforms. Promote the whole process of quality and safety control, promote the standardization, labeling and traceability of agricultural products production, generally implement the system of purchasing cards for farmers’ agricultural materials, and build a mechanism for supervision and traceability and data collection of inputs.
The third is to promote the digital transformation of management services. The Plan proposes to establish and improve the technical system of agricultural and rural management decision support and improve the scientific nature of macro management. We will improve the monitoring and early warning system for the whole industrial chain of important agricultural products, strengthen the release and service of market information, and help farmers solve the bottleneck problems of production and operation such as "what is right in spring and what is expensive to sell in autumn". Build a digital agricultural rural service system, carry out agricultural productive services, build a number of farmers’ entrepreneurial innovation centers, and improve the level of wisdom and convenience of farmers’ production and life. Establish a monitoring system for rural human settlements in ambient intelligence to realize full-time monitoring of rural pollutants and pollution sources. Build a rural digital governance system and promote the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity.
The fourth is to strengthen the innovation of key technologies and equipment. The Plan proposes to strengthen key common technologies, focus on the key technologies of agricultural production environment, intelligent perception and identification of physiological signs of animals and plants, break through the simulation technology of physiological and ecological processes of animals and plants, build digital expression and simulation models of animal and plant phenotypes, and break through the key technologies of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment. Strengthen the advanced layout of strategic frontier technologies, strengthen the basic research and tackling key problems of new technologies such as flexible processing of agricultural products, blockchain+agriculture, artificial intelligence and 5G, and form a series of strategic technical reserves and product reserves of digital agriculture. Strengthen the integrated application and demonstration of technology, carry out the integrated application and demonstration of 3S, intelligent perception, model simulation, intelligent control and other technologies and software and hardware products, and mature and popularize a number of typical models and examples. Strengthen the integration and service of digital agricultural science and technology innovation data and platform. Accelerate the development and application of agricultural artificial intelligence, implement the development strategy of agricultural robots, and strengthen the intelligent integration and application demonstration of drones.
The fifth is to strengthen the construction of major engineering facilities. The "Planning" proposes to implement the national agricultural and rural big data center construction project, focusing on the construction of three types of projects: the national agricultural and rural cloud platform, the national agricultural and rural big data platform, and the national agricultural and rural government information system, so as to improve the management service capacity and scientific decision-making level in the agricultural and rural fields. It is necessary to implement the construction project of integrated observation system of sky and ground in agriculture and rural areas, and focus on strengthening the construction of "Skynet" (agricultural and rural space-based observation network), "empty network" (agricultural and rural aviation observation network) and "ground network" (agricultural Internet of Things observation network) in agriculture and rural areas, so as to realize real-time dynamic observation of agricultural production and rural environment in the whole field, whole process and full coverage. It is necessary to implement the national digital agriculture and rural innovation project, focusing on the construction of the national digital agriculture and rural innovation center and professional sub-centers, big data of the whole industrial chain of important agricultural products, and digital agriculture pilot construction, so as to build a comprehensive service platform for digital agriculture and rural areas.
Q: How to implement the Plan?
A:One point for deployment and nine points for implementation. After the "Planning" is issued, the key is to implement it in the spirit of nailing. In the next step, we will focus on four aspects.
The first is to strengthen organizational leadership. Under the framework of the national overall planning and coordination mechanism for the construction and development of digital villages, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Central Network Information Office, together with relevant departments, make overall plans to promote the construction of digital agriculture and rural areas. Agricultural and rural authorities at all levels should integrate the digital concept into the whole process of agricultural and rural work, speed up the digital transformation of workflow, and build a management system for digital agricultural and rural development.
The second is to increase policy support. Explore ways such as government purchasing services, cooperation between government and social capital, and discount loans, and guide social forces, industrial and commercial capital, and financial capital to invest in digital agriculture and rural construction. Give strong support in project land use, technology research and development and equipment procurement.
The third is to strengthen data acquisition management. Consolidate and upgrade the existing monitoring and statistical channels, improve the ability to collect data in real time by using ground observation, sensors, remote sensing and geographic information technology, expand the sources of Internet data, and establish and improve the original data collection system for agriculture and rural areas. Study and introduce open policies and management norms for data sharing. Accelerate the collaborative management and integration of agricultural and rural data resources.
The fourth is to strengthen the support of scientific and technological talents. Establish a scientific and technological innovation system for digital agriculture in rural areas. Cultivate and bring up a group of leading talents, engineers and high-level management teams in digital agriculture and rural areas. Strengthen business training and improve the application and management level of digital technology for cadres and farmers in agriculture, rural areas and farmers.