Nanfang Daily News (Reporter/Theway Intern/Yan Tiantian) Since June this year, when a boy was killed by falling from a window in a residential area in Futian, Shenzhen, the problem of falling objects and throwing objects continued to ferment in the workshop, which attracted great attention from all parties. A few days ago, the academic salon "Safety Precautions against Falling Objects in Shenzhen" hosted by Shenzhen Social Science Federation and undertaken by Mahong Foundation was held. Industry insiders suggested that Shenzhen should formulate anti-falling objects measures in the building design stage to block hidden dangers from the source. At the same time, scientific and technological means should be introduced to supervise falling objects and parabolic objects, and the investigation of potential safety hazards should be intensified.
"More than 20% of falling objects are man-made"
In June this year, the incident of a boy falling from a window in Futian, Shenzhen, caused national concern. Last week, the compensation plan was disclosed, and the owner and tenant compensated 1.8 million yuan and 200,000 yuan respectively, but this could not dispel the tragic ending. "Dropping objects from high altitude will cause five challenges. First, it will cause safety hazards, especially personal injury; The second is moral challenge, which increases the contradiction between neighbors and upstairs and downstairs; Third, legal challenges, the existing laws are not enough to cover the disputes caused by falling objects from high altitude, some can not get compensation, and some may sentence all households to compensation; Fourth, management challenges bring more thoughts to property management and social governance; The fifth is the economic challenge, which brings economic pressure to the families of the victims and the perpetrators, and the amount of compensation is millions. " Li Chaoshu, a wise man in committee of 100 and president of Shenzhen Brand Building Promotion Association, said.
Lin Zhiping, a member of the Civil Affairs Committee of Shenzhen Lawyers Association and a senior partner of Guangdong Ruiting Law Firm, gave a professional explanation for high-altitude parabolic objects and falling objects: "Parabolic objects are subjectively intentional, well-known and controllable, and falling objects are like doors and windows falling off and falling by themselves after years of disrepair. The biggest difference between them is that they bear different responsibilities. If it is parabolic, it may involve criminal responsibility; If it is just a falling object, the main responsibility is civil liability. "
Tang Heping, the representative of the vice president of Shenzhen Emergency Industry Association, also gave a set of data, saying that since 2015, there have been 561 cases of falling objects from high altitude, including 120 cases of falling objects from high altitude and 441 cases of falling objects from high altitude, with man-made throwing accounting for 21%. Therefore, it is more important to track the subjective parabolic danger.
"Now there are many parabolic phenomena in the villages in the city." Tang Heping said that in order to prevent falling objects from high altitude, some communities have installed anti-falling nets, but some old communities and villages in the city are still not installed.
"Sidewalks should be away from buildings"
"At present, falling objects, fires, electric leakage, falling and burglary have become the most fatal safety hazards in property management, and they are also the compensation for five major accidents in property management enterprises. However, once a falling object is thrown in the community, it will point the finger at the property management industry, which is actually a misunderstanding. " Zeng Tao, president of Shenzhen Property Management Association, said.
Zeng Tao believes that the core value of property management is to make the use state of buildings, ancillary facilities and public parts as close as possible to the safe state at the time of acceptance through professional and technical means. As long as the realty service enterprise can fulfill the responsibility of maintaining the shared facilities and public parts of buildings such as exterior walls and roads according to laws and regulations, and at the same time fulfill the obligation of informing, stopping and reporting potential safety hazards and accidents, it should be exempted from liability.
"Property management exactly want to be responsible for? Yes, it is the responsibility agreed in the property service contract. For the proprietary parts of the owners, such as balconies, windows, etc., the property service enterprises can only play a role of reminding and assisting, and there are no laws and regulations that have clear requirements for the home inspection and compulsory maintenance of property service enterprises. " Zeng Tao said that this is also the reason why the property company does not have to pay compensation in the case of falling from a window and killing a boy.
Regarding how to supervise the throwing of falling objects from high altitude, Zeng Tao believes that, first, it is necessary to reduce the falling ways of falling objects; The second is the way to reduce injuries caused by falling objects. "It is suggested that the government require the development and construction units to provide relevant measures to prevent falling objects in the project planning and design stage, which has been implemented in many countries and regions, otherwise it will not enter the construction stage at all. In road design, the sidewalk should be as far away from the external wall of the building or as far as possible inside the building, and a barrier layer should be set on the sidewalk close to the external wall of the building. You can refer to the design of community corridors in Hong Kong, which can not only shelter from the wind and rain, but also connect various communities and commercial areas to minimize the risk of falling objects and parabolic injuries. " Zeng Tao said that property service enterprises should intervene in the planning and design stage of real estate projects as soon as possible, put forward professional opinions, and intercept hidden dangers at the source.
Use 3D robot or infrared imaging technology to prevent falling objects.
"I hope that the government will legislate for this and use compulsory means to investigate the responsibility of high-altitude parabolic people. At the same time, effectively monitor high-altitude parabolic objects, such as installation monitoring on each floor, and improve the prevention of high-altitude parabolic objects through technical means. " Li Chaoshu said that in Hong Kong, China, Tokyo, and Singapore, there will be an annual or biennial investigation on the security risks of windows, air conditioners, curtain walls, and glass. The United States has also taken corresponding measures to prevent falling objects. For example, most high-rise buildings have platforms or sun visors on the second floor to block falling objects. Every building is surrounded by grass instead of roads, so people will not easily enter this area.
Tang Heping believes that "anti-falling technology" should also be considered while preventing people from falling from high altitude. For example, there should be strict requirements for window switches and stay bars of high-rise buildings, flowerpots should be installed as much as possible for greening, and precautions should be taken when designing and decorating houses. In addition, camera monitoring with snapshot technology should be installed to supervise the high altitude full-time.
Han Hongjie, technical director of Zhongyu (Guangdong) Technology Co., Ltd. suggested that modern scientific and technological means should be brought into play, and third-party professional technical detection means, such as 3D robot stereo scanning and infrared imaging, should be introduced to supervise falling objects and parabolic objects. The grid operator takes a snapshot of the terminal, then summarizes and classifies the data, and immediately deals with the first-class hidden danger. "It is recommended to conduct investigations within six months to one year. After special weather or disasters, tests should be carried out, and pre-disaster risk prevention should be self-examined. For example, before the typhoon comes, the third party should intervene after the typhoon, starting from the source, and treating the root cause and the symptoms." Han Hongjie said.
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